UCSP

• He or she is willing to sacrifice

  his individual interests for the

  collective good of the nation.

  the citizens are given a strong

  feeling that they are a part of

  the overall society.
• He or she is willing to sacrifice

  his individual interests for the

  collective good of the nation.

  ● the citizens are given a strong

  feeling that they are a part of

  the overall

  inclusive citizenship
• ● Are natural rights of all human being whatever

  their nationality, religion, ethnicity, sex,

  language and color.

  human rights
• These are rights inherent to man and given to him by God as human being

  natural rights
• These are the rights

  guaranteed under the

  fundamental charter of the

  country

  CONSTITUTIONAL

  RIGHTS
• These are rights provided by

  the lawmaking body of a

  country or by law.

  STATUTORY RIGHTS
• These are rights specified

  under the Bill of Rights. These

  rights enjoyed by individual by

  virtue of his citizenship in a

  state or community

  CIVIL RIGHTS
• These are rights to property, whether

  personal, real or intellectual

  ECONOMIC RIGHTS
• These are rights an individual enjoys as a

  consequences of being a member of a body

  politics.

  POLITICAL RIGHTS
• kinds of rights


  natural, constitutional, statutory, civil, economics, political rights
• The rights that someone has

  simply because he or she is a

  human being and born into

  this world.

  HUMAN RIGHTS PRINCIPLES
• CORE PRINCIPLES


  HUMAN DIGNITY EQUALITY

  UNIVERSALITY INTERDEPENDENCY

  NON-DISCRIMINATION

  INDIVISIBILITY

  CORE PRINCIPLES

  INALIENABILITY RESPONSIBILITY
• 3 obligations of action

  respect protect fulfill
• Respect and acknowledgement

  of an individual person, a human

  being

  ● An idea that a person has an

  innate right to be valued,

  respected and treated well

  HUMAN DIGNITY
• Refers to the act that humiliate or diminish

  the self worth of a person or a group. When someone physically bullies you

  ● When someone spread bad rumors behind

  your back

  HUMILIATION
• Act that degrade the value of

  human beings

  ● Diminishes the importance or

  value of human beings

  Example:

  ● Selling oneself to slavery

  DEGRADATION
• Act that strip a person or a group

  of their human characteristics

  ● Describing or treating people as

  animals or a lower type of a

  human being

  DEHUMANIZATION
• This aspect refers to treating

  a person as an instrument or

  as means to achieve some

  other goal.

  OBJECTIFICATION
• The sum of those conditions of social

  life which allow social groups and

  their individual members, relatively

  thorough and ready access to their

  own fulfillment.

  COMMON GOOD
• essential components


  Public Order

  2. Prosperity

  3. Intellectual, spiritual and

  moral values
• The development of intellectual,

  humanistic and technical aspect

  of individual

  General Education
• Material Prosperity aspects

  seeks to do the following

  1. To provide employment for

  as many workers as possible;

  2. To take care of the least

  privileged groups.
• Politics


  Activities through which people make, preserve, and amend the general rules under which they live. It involves the dynamics of conflict resolution and cooperation, as well as the exercise of power.
• Power


  The ability to do something in order to achieve the desired outcome
• Authority


  A person who has authority has the right to exercise power
• Political Science


  • The systematic study of the state and government
  • The word political is derived from the Greek word polis, meaning a city or what today would be the equivalent of a sovereign state
  • The word science comes form the Latin word scientia, which means knowledge
• Political Organization


  • Any entity that is involved in the political process
  • The existence of groups for the purposes of controlling people's behavior and maintaining social order or the distribution of power within a group
• Societies differ in their political organization

  • Extent to which political institutions are distinct from other aspects of the social structure
  • Extent to which authority is concentrated into specific political roles
  • Level of political integration
• Bands


  • Usually a very small, oftentimes nomadic group that is connected by family ties and is politically independent
  • Hunting and gathering are their typical way of life
  • Experience and ability grants leadership and power
• Tribes


  • A combination of smaller kin or non-kin groups, linked by a common culture, that usually act as one
  • Usually bigger than bands and are primarily food producers
  • Social order is maintained through a kinship and family system led by a community head
• Chiefdom

  • A political unit headed by a chief, who holds power over more than one community group
  • Already have a form of social and political structure characterized by a community leader
  • Power is inherited (By blood or by achievements)
• State

  • A political unit consisting of a government that has sovereignty presiding over a group of people and a well-defined territory
  • The state is the highest form of political organization
  • The state is sovereign because it has the capacity to maintain order within its boundaries
  • The state is sovereign because other states recognize it as an independent state
  • People who comprise a state are called its citizens
• Nation

  • Groups of people that share a common history, language, traditions, customs, habits, and ethnicity
  • Nations exist as a state of mind, you can be physically apart from the country by still considering yourself part of the nation (ex, OFW's)
  • Nations have no political sovereignty
• State vs Nation

  State is a political concept, Nation is an ethnic concept
• Legitimacy and Authority

  Politics requires power. Power is held by Leaders. What makes a Leader? What gives Leader authority? The authority held by Leaders needs to be legitimate. What makes authority legitimate? Why should those who are considered Leaders be the leaders?
• Legitimacy and Authority

  People follow authority because of its legitimacy. Legitimacy is a moral or ethical concept that gives whoever possesses power may demand obedience from citizens. Just because one has authority, doesn't mean they have legitimate control. Authority gained through things like conquest, deception, violence, etc. tends to be undeserved, since the person who gains the power is ill-equipped to handle that power. For authority to be binding and stable, it has to be legitimate.
• Types of Legitimacy Authority (3 Types)

  • Traditional Authority
  • Charismatic Authority
  • Legal-Rational Authority
• Traditional Authority


  Is based on a system in which authority is legitimate because it has always existed (ex. Monarchies, Chiefdoms, religion etc.)
• Charismatic Authority


  Authority is from the charisma of the individual or the leader, who show that he possesses the right to lead by virtue of magical powers, prophecies, heroism and etc. Some see this charisma as the right for that individual to rule (ex. Religious icons, Celebrities, etc.)
• Legal-Rational Authority

  This is found in more industrialized, modern societies where power rests upon a particular office and not upon a specific person. Based on a system of rules that is applied administratively and judicially in accordance with known principles. Authority and power are exercised based on laws. As such, the law and the judiciary are seen as the highest forms of power in society.