alkenes and halogenoalkanes

• why are alkenes more reactive than alkanes?

  unsaturated

  C=C bond
• what is a halogenoalkane?

  organic compound contain one or more halogen atom
• why are halogenoalkanes reactive?

  1. polar C-X bond
  2. C is partially positive
  3. X is partially negative
• what are the rules for drawing a structure from its name?

  1. use name to identify longest carbon chain
  2. draw carbon skeleton
  3. number carbon atoms
  4. add functional groups in correct positions
  5. add hydrogen atoms so each carbon atom has 4 bonds
• what is the test for carboxylic acids?

  1. add Na2CO3
  2. positive result - effervescence
• what is an alternative reagent for carboxylic test?

  NaHCO3