synthesis and hydration of alcohols

• what are the conditions for the production of ethanol from ethene?

  1. 300°C
  2. 6000 KPa
  3. concentrated phosphoric acid
  4. continuous process
• what is the equation for the production of ethanol from ethene?

  CH2=CH2 + H2O <----> CH3CH2OH
• what type of reaction is the production of ethanol from ethene?

  hydration
• what does H+ act as in mechanism for ethene to ethanol?

  catalyst
• what are the conditions for production of alcohol from glucose fermentation?

  1. 35°C
  2. yeast catalyst
  3. batch process
  4. anaerobic (absence of oxygen)
• what must happen when ethanol is produced from fermentation?

  must be purified and concentrated by fractional distillation
• what are the features of industrial production of ethanol?

  1. fast, continuous process
  2. produces pure ethanol
  3. high energy costs
  4. crude oil is non renewable
  5. 100% atom economy
• what are the features of fermentation production of ethanol?

  1. slow, batch process
  2. produces impure ethanol
  3. low energy costs
  4. renewable resources
  5. requires huge areas of land
• what is biofuel?

  fuel produced from renewable biological resources
• what is carbon neutral?

  no net carbon based emissions to the atmosphere