Ch 27-29 (Urinary + Bowel Needs)

• voiding


  urination/empty urine from bladder
• incontinence


  no control of urine or bladder(ex. paralyzed)
• hematuria


  blood in urine (show charge nurse STAT)
• polyuria

  over 350 cc
• enuresis


  involuntary loss of urine during sleep (bed-wetting)
• osteoporosis


  fragile bones
• healthy adult produces 1500 cc urine
• describe yellow urine with 


  light, medium, dark color
• UI

  urinary incontinence-prevent UTIs and restore as much bladder function as possible
• lower commode lids


  less odors
• check catheter every 2 hr.
• catheter: indwelling, Foley, retention
• after catheter use

  need to train brain to control urine because it's incontinent
• Catheters

  • never put on catheters
  • put in supine-lithotomy
  • drainage tube+bag=dirty
  • remove drainage tube for specimen sample
  • coil on foley catheters(on bed)-urine can drain out
  • less than 90 cc after 2 hr. = enc. fld, check coil
  • 1 hr. before leaving = empty urine catheter
• defecation


  excrete feces/stools
• flatus


  gas passed through anus
• flatulence


  excessive formation of gas and air in stomach/intestine
• peristalsis


  alternating contraction and relaxation of intestinal muscles
• ostomy


  surgical opening connecting internal organ to body's surface
• NA can only give stool softener as a suppository
• Day 3 of constipation=use suppository, enema(saline, tap water, oil retention-minerals)
• enema


  clean feces and flatus
• Enemas

  • limit of 3 enemas
  • put on Lateral (L) -how bowel runs
• stoma(opening from surgery by doctor)


  clean with soap and water like rectum, rinse and dry
• record BM


  with color, size(large, medium, small), MT, name, abbrev(like O:___)
• straight catheters: for babies
• sterile kit= all autoclaved-->specimen, gloves, sterile water, cotton pad w/antiseptic, catheter
• Clinitest


  for urine(check sugar in urine), report to charge nurse for insulin supplies