Exam 2

• The study of human remains from sites is called:

  Bioarchaeology
• ________ grows at a regular measurable rate and a careful study of its microscopic growth lines can help determine how long an individual lived

  tooth enamel
• Small fragments of bone may be examined for bone microstructure. With increasing age, circular structures called _________ become more frequent

  osteons
• Although variable according to population, a number of skeletal attributes can be used for differentiation of the sexes.  The best indicator of sex is the:

  shape of the pelvis
• The best indicator of an individual's age at death is based on study of the:

  teeth
• Our clearest glimpse at what people looked like in the past is from:

  preserved bodies
• Most human remains recovered by archaeologists are in the form of:

  skeletons or bones
• Archaeologists can usually identify the minimum number of individuals in a multiple burial from:


  the part of the body that is most abundant
• The study of ancient disease is called:

  paleopathology
• Cause of death for skeletal remains can be ascertained:

  rarely; most causes of death leave no trace on bone
• Proper analysis of most infectious ancient diseases can only be carried out on:

  surviving soft tissue
• Diseases that affect bone do so through:

  all of the above
• From about 3.3 million years ago until 20,000 BCE at the earliest, the archaeological record is dominated by artifacts made out of:


  stone
• Study of the patterns of wear or damage on the edges of stone tools that can provide useful information on a particular tool's function is known as:

  microwear analysis
• The primary goal of characterization is to:

  discover the source of the material an object is made out of
• The intentional use and control of fire by humans is known as:

  pyrotechnology
• All of the following are examples of synthetic materials except:


  stone hand-axes
• The alloying of copper with tin produces:

  bronze
• The study of traded goods is an important part of the investigation of:


  exchange
• In describing mechanisms of exchange, "direct access" is used to describe situations where:

  the user goes to the source material without the intervention of an exchange mechanism
• The introduction of pottery generally seems to coincide with the adoption of a more sedentary way of life. Paleolithic people may not have created pottery because:


  mobile hunter-gatherers would not want to carry heavy fired clay containers around
• All of the following are examples of unaltered materials except:

  copper
• The remains of large animals, such as sheep or cows, found on archaeological sites help us build a picture of past human diet. These remains are known as:

  macrofauna
• There are various indicators useful for the identification of domesticated animals in archaeological contexts, such as:


  a and b only
• Isotopic analysis of human tooth enamel or bone collagen relies on:

  reading the chemical signature left in the body by different foods