practical 6

• alkene

  add bromine water and shake

  solution decolourises (orange to colourless)
• aldehyde

  add an equal volume of fehling's solution and heat

  blue solution to brick red ppt
• aldehyde

  add Tollen's reagent

  silver mirror formed
• carboxylic acid

  add sodium hydrogen carbonate

  effervescence

  test gas evolved (carbon dioxide) by bubbling through lime water

  turns cloudy
• alcohols

  add acidified potassium dichromate

  primary and secondary: orange to green

  tertiary: no visible change
• haloalkane

  add sodium hydroxide, add nitric acid, then add silver nitrate and warm

  Cl: white ppt Br: cream ppt I: yellow ppt
• acyl chloride

  add silver nitrate

  steamy fumes of HCl, rapid production of white ppt (AgCl)