MID SEM SPOTTER

• flexor pollicis longus


  • Origin - Anterior shaft of radius and interosseous membrane
  • Insertion - Base of distal phalanx of thumb
  • Actions - Flexes distal phalanx of thumb
• pronator quadratus


  • origin - Anterior and medial surfaces of distal ulna
  • insertion - Anterolateral surface of distal portion of radius
  • action - Pronates forearm at radioulnar joint
• brachioradialis


  • origin - Lateral supracondylar ridge of distal humerus
  • insertion - Base of styloid process of the radius
  • action - Flexion of elbow
• extensor carpi radialis longus


  • origin - Lateral supracondylar ridge of humerus
  • insertion - Base of metacarpal 2
  • action - Flexes distal phalanx of thumb at interphalangeal joint
• extensor carpi radialis brevis


  • origin - Lateral epicondyle of humerus
  • insertion - Base of metacarpal 3
  • action - Flexes distal and middle phalanges of each finger
• extensor digitorum


  • origin - Lateral epicondyle of humerus
  • insertion - Four tendons into extensor, expansions and distal, phalanges of digits 2-5
  • action - Extends distal and middle phalanges of each finger at interphalangeal joints
• extensor digiti minimi


  • origin - Lateral epicondyle of humerus
  • insertion - Posterior surface of proximal, phalanx of little finger (5)
  • action - Extends proximal phalanx of little finger at metacarpophalangeal joint
• extensor carpi ulnaris


  • origin - Lateral epicondyle of humerus
  • insertion - Base of 5th metacarpal
  • action - Extends and adducts hand at wrist joint
• anconeus


  • origin - Lateral epicondyle of humerus
  • insertion - Olecranon and superior portion of shaft of ulna
  • action - Extends forearm at elbow joint
• supinator


  • origin - Lateral epicondyle of humerus & proximal ulna
  • insertion - Proximal radius
  • action - Supinate the forearm
• abductor pollicis longus


  • origin - Dorsal shaft of radius and ulna
  • insertion - Lateral MC I (& trapezium)
  • action - Extends distal phalanx of thumb, first metacarpal
• extensor pollicis brevis


  • origin - Dorsal shaft of radius/ ulna and interosseous membrane
  • insertion - Base of proximal phalanx of thumb
  • action - Extends proximal phalanx of thumb, first of thumb
• extensor pollicis longus


  • origin - Dorsal shaft of radius/ ulna and interosseous membrane
  • insertion - Base of distal phalanx of thumb
  • origin - Extends distal phalanx of thumb, first metacarpal of thumb
• extensor indicis


  • origin - Posterior surface of distal ulna and interosseous membrane
  • insertion - Extensor expansion of index finger (joins tendon of extensor digitorum)
  • action - Extends distal and middle phalanges of index fingers, proximal phalanx of index finger
• dorsal interossei


  • origin - Sides of metacarpals
  • insertion - Extensor expansion over first phalanx of digits 2-4, on both sides of 3 but opposite sides for other digits
  • action - Abductors of digits
• palmar interossei


  • origin - Side of metacarpals facing digit 3
  • insertion - Extensor expansion of first phalanx (except 3) on same side
  • action - Adductors of digits
• lumbricales - hands


  • origin - Lateral sides of tendons and flexor digitorum profundus of each finger
  • insertion - Lateral sides of tendons of extensors digitorum on proximal phalanges of each finger
  • action - Flex each finger at metacarpophalangeal joints and extend each finger at interphalangeal joints
• gluteus maximus


  • origin - Ilium, sacrum, coccyx, thoracolumbar fascia
  • insertion - ITT, gluteal tuberosity
  • action - Extension, lateral rotation, abduction
• gluteus medius


  • origin - Ilium (posterior anterior glutealines)
  • insertion Greater trochanter
  • actions - Abduction, medial rotation
• gluteus minimus


  • origin - Ilium (posterior anterior glutealines)
  • insertion Greater trochanter
  • actions - Abduction, medial rotation
• tensor fasciae latae


  • origin - Iliac crest
  • insertion - Tibia - iliotibial tract
  • actions - Flexes and abducts thigh at hip joint
• fascia lata


  Deep fascia of the thigh. It encloses the thigh muscles and forms the outer limit of the fascial compartments of thigh, which are internally separated by intermuscular septa.
• piriformis


  • origin - Anterior sacrum
  • insertion - Superior border of greater trochanter of femur
  • actions - Laterally rotates and abducts thigh at hip joint
• obturator internus


  • origin - Inner surface of obturator foramen, pubis and ischium
  • insertion - Medial surface of greater trochanter of femur
  • actions - Laterally rotates and abducts at hip joint
• gemellus superior


  • origin - Ischial spine
  • insertion - Medial surface of greater trochanter of femur
  • actions - Laterally rotates and abducts thigh at hip joint
• gemellus inferior


  • orgin - Ischial tuberosity
  • insertion - Medial surface of greater trochanter of femur
  • action - Laterally rotates and abducts thigh at hip joint
• quadratus femoris


  • origin - Ischial tuberosity
  • insertion - Elevation superior to mid-portion of intertrochanteric crest (quadrate tubercle) on posterior femur
  • action - Laterally rotates and stabilizes hip joint
• obturator externus


  • origin - Outer surface of obturator membrane
  • insertion - Deep depression inferior to greater trochanter (trochanteric fossa) of femur
  • action - Laterally rotates and abducts thigh at hip joint
• sartorius


  • orgin - Anterior superior iliac spine
  • insertion - Medial surface of proximal tibia
  • actions - Flexes, abducts and externally rotates the thigh and flexes and internally rotates the leg
• rectus femoris


  • origin - Anterior inferior iliac spine
  • insertion - Patellar tendon
  • action - Knee extension and hip flexion
• vastus lateralis


  • origin - Upper inter-trochanteric line
  • insertion - Lateral quadriceps tendon
  • action - Extension of the knee
• vastus medialis


  • origin - Lower part of the intertrochanteric line
  • insertion - Medial side of the quadriceps tendon
  • action - Extends the knee joint
• vastus intermedius


  • origin - Naterio and lateral surfaces of the femur and the intermuscular septum
  • insertion - Quadriceps femoris tendon
  • actions - Knee extensions
• gracilis


  • origin - Body and inferior ramus of pubis
  • insertion - Medial surface of body of tibia
  • actions - Adducts thigh at hip joint, medially rotates thigh and flexes leg at knee joint
• pectineus


  • origin - Superior ramus of pubis
  • insertion - Pectineal line of femur, between lesser trochanter and linea aspera
  • actions - Flexes and adducts thigh at hip joint
• adductor longus


  • origin - Pubic crest and pubic symphysis
  • insertion - Linea aspera of femur
  • action - Adducts and flexes thigh at hip joint and rotates thigh
• adductor magnus


  • origin - Inferior ramus of pubis and ischium to ischial tuberosity
  • insertion - Linea aspera of femur
  • action - Adducts thigh and rotates thigh anterior part thigh flexes and posterior extends thigh
• adductor brevis


  • origin - Inferior ramus of pubis
  • insertion - Superior half of linea aspera of femur
  • action - Adducts and flexes thigh at hip joint and rotates thigh
• biceps femoris - long heads


  • origin - ischial tuberosity,
  • insertion - Head of fibula and lateral condyle of tibia
  • action - Flexes leg at knee joint and extends thigh at hip joint
• biceps femoris - short heads


  • origin - linea aspera of femur
  • insertion - Head of fibula and lateral condyle of tibia
  • action - Flexes leg at knee joint and extends thigh at hip joint