Asexual Reproduction

• Which type of cell division does Asexual reproduction use?

  Mitosis
• State the stages of Mitosis

  • Chromosomes in the nucleus are copied
  • Chromosomes and their copies are pulled apart and moved towards the poles
  • Chromosomes separate
  • Cell divides into two genetically identical daughter cells
• Mitosis is part of the cell cycle, which involves:

  • Cell growth
  • Genetic material is copied
  • Mitosis occurs leading to chromosomes separation and cell division
• Name 3 ways in which Mitosis can be used for:

  • Growth of cells
  • Repair to damaged tissue
  • Replacement of worn-out cekks
• What happens during sexual reproduction?

  The nuclei of the male and female gametes are fused in order to create a zygote
• How many chromosomes do the gametes contain?

  Half (Haploid)
• The offspring produced in sexual reproduction are genetically...

  Different to each other and the parents
• State the stages of Meiosis

  • Copies of the genetic information is made
  • The cell divides twice to form four gametes, each with a single set of chromosome
  • All gametes are genetically different from each other
• State the structure of DNA

  • Made up of two strands forming a twisted ladder structure called a double helix
  • Polymer, large and complex molecule
• Which part of a cell contains chromosomes?

  The nucleus
• Define 'Gene'

  A small section of DNA in a chromosome
• Each gene codes for a ...

  Particular sequence of amino acids in order to make a specific protein
• Genes are the unit of...

  Heredity, which may be copied and passed on to the next generation
• Define 'Genome'

  The entire genetic material of an organism
• What does understanding The Human Genome allow us to do?

  • Search for genes linked to different types of disease
  • Understand inherited disorders and their treatment
  • Treat human migration patterns from the past
• Which part of a human body cell is affected by cystic fibrosis?

  Cell membrane