Wittes success

• There was a lack of capital and wittes solution to this was foreign loans, high taxes and the gold standard
• There was also poor infrastructure and communications wittes approach to this was building railways
• OUTCOME - Mileage of railway track almost doubled- trans siberian railways completed but failed to open up siberia and much of it was single track
• OUTCOME OF WITTE -industrial production increased between 1890 and 1900 cole output doubled; iron and oil x3
• HOWEVER - there was social tensions due to poor living and working conditions - number of strikes increase
• HOWEVER - agriculture becomes neglected and russia becomes dependant on foreign loans