Crude oil + hydrocarbons

• What is meant by a hydrocarbon?

  Molecules made of hydrogen and carbon atoms
• What is an alkane?

  A type of hydrocarbon with specific properties
• What products are derived from crude oil?

  • Plastics
  • Petrol
  • Pharmaceuticals
  • Cosmetics
• How is crude oil formed?

  From remains of tiny sea creatures buried in mud
• What is the nature of crude oil as a resource?

  It is a finite resource
• What is the formula for methane?

  CH₄
• What does the structural formula of methane show?

  One carbon atom bonded to four hydrogen atoms
• What is the definition of a hydrocarbon?

  Molecules made up of hydrogen and carbon atoms only
• What are hydrocarbons like methane and ethane called?

  Alkanes
• What is the general formula for alkanes?

  C_nH_2n+2
• If an alkane has one carbon atom, how many hydrogen atoms does it have?

  Four hydrogen atoms
• How many hydrogen atoms does ethane have if it has two carbon atoms?

  Six hydrogen atoms
• How many hydrogen atoms does propane have with three carbon atoms?

  Eight hydrogen atoms
• How many hydrogen atoms does butane have with four carbon atoms?

  Ten hydrogen atoms
• What are the structures of the first four alkanes?

  • Methane: CH₄
  • Ethane: C₂H₆
  • Propane: C₃H₈
  • Butane: C₄H₁₀
• Why are alkanes considered saturated molecules?

  Because carbon atoms are fully bonded to hydrogen