Undself

• Philosophy is man's main tool in understanding the self
• Science follows the scientific method
• Socrates


  469 - 399 BC
• Socrates: '"the unexamined life is not worth living"'
• Virtue


  Deepest and most basic propensity of man, innate
• Propensity


  Inclination/natural tendency to behave
• Self knowledge


  Source of all wisdom
• We are born good, we have the potential to be great but we are misguided because we don't examine our life, so our job is to examine what is right and wrong
• It is our responsibility to expand and widen our knowledge
• Plato


  427 - 347 BCE
• Plato: '"the first and greatest victory is to conquer yourself"'
• World of forms


  Perfect world (we all our soul came from but we don't remember anything) regain by constant remembering through CONTEMPLATION and BENEFICENCE
• Plato attempts to answer where all ideas came from
• Man should imitate his former self


  Should live a life of virtue thus gain happiness (fruit of virtue)
• Aristotle says we feel happy when doing good (beneficence)
• Discover yourself, develop your strength, overcome your weakness
• Contra kay Locke na pinanganak tayong walang laman ang utak
• Immanuel Kant


  1724 -1804 AD
• Immanuel Kant: '"it is a crime against dignity to use others for external purpose"'
• Both beneficial for you (manipulate others), try to provide answer whether your action is morally acceptable or not, follow golden rule
• Idea of Kant: e.g. soldier who followed his obligation is morally acceptable but a teacher who's strict and students are not learning is not (it should not be hindrance)
• René Descartes


  1596 - 1650 AD
• René Descartes: '"coguito, ergo sum.." think therefore i am'
• Man must use his mind (thinking abilities) to investigate, analyze, experiment & develop
• If you are able to question your existence means you exist, you're thinking well huwag maniwala agad and verify info
• John Locke


  1632 - 1704 AD
• John Locke: '"no man's knowledge can go beyond his experience"'
• It is founded by consciousness (memory)

  Pinanganak na walang alam
• E.g. nangingilala ang bata, language (form of memory)
• David Hume


  1711 - 1776 AC
• David Hume: '"i never can catch myself at any time without perception"'
• Men's impressions vary and always change, self is just a bundle or collection of different perception which succeed each other with an inconceivable rapidy
• We can't give exact description of ourselves because of constant change
• The meaning of self can be found by the Bible
• Bible - God created us in his likeness (genesis 1:24-28), we have given dominion overall living things (we are dominant/on top), you are earth's caretaker
• St. Augustine of Hippo

  "the measure of love is to love without measure"
• Unconditional love (mother), as long as you love and share that love
• Victor Hugo: '"to love another person is to see the face of God"'
• Sigmund Freud


  Father of PSYCHOANALYSIS (his technique is to make unconscious conscious)
• Believe that unconscious mind shape personality, his attempt to understand human behaviour led to most controversial part of his work (theory of psychosexual), most of his work were rejected by modern psychologist, observe what is observable, we need to know about person is hidden