Chemistry

• Chemistry – amounts of certain chemicals in a blood sample
• Alanine Aminotransferase Test (ALT) – liver damage
• Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) – alpha-fetoprotein levels in pregnant women during the second trimester of pregnancy
• Alkaline Phosphatase (AP) Test – amount of alkaline phosphates enzyme in the bloodstream
• Ammonia – measures the level that could indicate cirrhosis and hepatitis
• Amylase – checks the enzyme level that could indicate liver disease, cholecystitis, etc.
• Aspartate Aminotransferase Test (AST) – levels of aspartate aminotransferase enzyme that may indicate liver damage
• Bilirubin Test – amount of bilirubin levels in the bloodstream that could indicate RBC destruction
• Arterial Blood Gases (ABG) – acid-base balance by measuring the pH, partial pressure of CO2 and O2
• Blood Urea Nitrogen (BUN) – amount of urea nitrogen found in the blood that could determine impaired renal function
• B-type Natriuretic Peptide (BNP) Test – levels of the BNP hormone in the blood which could indicate congestive heart failure
• C-reactive Protein High Sensitivity (hs-CRP) – level of CRP
• Carcinoembryonic Antigen (CEA) Test – CEA protein levels in the blood that may help diagnose and manage certain types of cancers
• Blood Calcium – total amount of calcium in the blood that could help determine or monitor the effects of renal failure
• Total Cholesterol – indicates risk of cardiovascular diseases
• Cortisol – shows adrenal hypofunction and hyperfunction
• Creatine Kinase (CK) – used to check muscle damage
• Creatinine – checks for cases that indicate renal impairment or muscular dystrophy
• Drug Analysis – monitors therapeutic range to avoid toxic levels of drugs
• Electrolytes (sodium, potassium, chloride, CO2) – show the sodium values that determine disorder of the kidney and adrenals
• Glucose – used to check diabetes, liver disease, or malnutrition
• Gamma-Glutamyl Transferase (GGT) – used for diagnosis of liver, specifically hepatobiliary problems
• Hemoglobin A1C – determines glycosylated hemoglobin level
• Lactate dehydrogenase – checks lung, kidney, and liver dysfunction
• Lipase – shows the level that could lead to either pancreatitis or pancreatic carcinoma
• Prostate Specific Antigen (PSA) – test that screens patients for the presence of prostate cancer
• Total Protein – used to check liver and kidney disorders
• Triglycerides – serve as an index in the evaluation of atherosclerosis and lipid metabolism disorder
• Troponin I – used for early diagnosis of small myocardial infarcts
• Uric Acid Test – used to check levels that indicate gout and renal problems
• Vitamin B12 and Folate Tests – used to check for anemia and diseases of the small intestine