Science Exam

• Mayon Volcano

  Philippines' most famous volcano
• Mount Pinatubo had its terrible eruption after 600 years of inactivity

  1992
• Active Volcanoes


  Volcanoes that have a record of eruption within the last 600 years or those that erupted 10,000 years ago based on its materials
• Active Volcanoes


  Volcanoes that have not erupted for the last 10,000 years
• According to PHIVOLCS, our country has more than a hundred volcanoes as of 2013. Based on this record, twenty-three are considered active volcanoes
• Volcano


  A landform from which molten and hot rock fragments and hot gases comes out
• The Philippines is located along the Pacific Ring of Fire
• The latest eruption of Kanlaon Volcano according to PHIVOLCS as of September 30, 2013

  2006 June
• Inactive Volcano


  Volcanoes that have not erupted in a long time but are expected to erupt again in the future
• Mayon Volcano had the most number of historical eruptions as of September 2013, according to PHIVOLCS
• Silica content


  The characteristic of magma that mainly determines its explosiveness
• Shape


  The characteristic of a volcano that depends on its magma emission
• Volcanic ash associated with huge volcanic eruptions may cause the decrease in the Earth's average temperature for a few years
• A thick layer of volcanic ash can be heavy enough to collapse the roofs of buildings because ash consists of tiny fragments of rocks that becomes heavy as they pile up
• Bud Datu in Sulu is an active volcano in the Philippines
• Active volcanoes


  • Mayon in Albay
  • Taal in Batangas
  • Kanlaon in Negros Oriental
• The silica content of magma mainly affects the explosiveness of a volcanic eruption
• Lava


  The primary material ejected from a volcano
• Crater


  A funnel-shaped opening at the top of a volcano
• Caldera


  It is formed when a part of the wall collapses following an explosive eruption
• Phreatic


  It is short lived, characterized by ash columns but may be an onset of a larger eruption
• Vulcanian


  Characterized by tall eruption columns that reach up to 20 km high with pyroclastic flow
• Magma inside a volcano has high temperature
• Summit


  Part of the volcano where you can find an opening which may either be a crater or a caldera
• Phreatomagmatic


  A violent eruption due to the contact between water and magma
• Strombolian


  A periodic weak to violent eruption characterized by fountain lava
• Plinian


  Excessively explosive type of eruption of gas and pyroclastics, just like our Pinatubo Volcano in Zambales
• If there is too much carbon dioxide in the atmosphere, the greenhouse effect occurs
• Cloud formation disappears as the air moves slowly towards the leeward side of a mountain because the amount of water vapor is not enough
• During the La Niña phenomenon, the trade wind becomes stronger
• Climate


  It refers to the atmospheric condition of a place over a long period of time
• The windward side of a mountain often receives the most precipitation
• Organic farming is the best practice to reduce the effect of climate change
• Rising of sea level shows the effect of climate change
• Baguio's cold weather during summer is due to its distance from the ocean, topography, and altitude
• Places at the same latitude but different altitudes have different climates because the higher altitudes have lower temperature
• Blue star


  The hottest star
• Yellow star


  Very similar to our sun
• Red star

  The coolest star
• Stars appear to move in the night sky from East to West