Lesson 0 (Introduction to Literature)

• Literature


  Encompasses written works, including both fictional and non-fictional compositions, that express ideas, emotions, and imagination through language
• Types of Literature


  • Prose
  • Poetry
• Prose


  Written or spoken language in its ordinary form without a rhythmic pattern
• Novel


  A long work of fiction that tells a complex story about characters and events
• Short Story


  A brief work of fiction focusing on a single plot or theme
• Play


  A dramatic work written for performance on a stage
• Legend


  A traditional narrative of historical events or supernatural origin
• Fables


  Short stories featuring animals that convey moral lessons
• Anecdotes


  Short, amusing, or interesting narratives about real incidents or people
• Essay


  A short piece of writing on a particular subject
• Biography


  An account of someone's life written by another person
• News


  Reporting of current events in various media forms
• Oration


  A formal speech, often delivered with great eloquence
• Poetry


  Expressions in verse, with measure and rhyme, line, and stanza and has more melodious tone
• Types of Poetry


  • Narrative Poetry
  • Lyric Poetry
• Narrative Poetry


  A form that describes important events in life either real or imaginary
• Narrative Poetry


  • Epic
  • Metrical Tale
  • Ballads
• Epic


  A long narrative poem that tells the heroic deeds of a legendary figure
• Metrical Tale


  A poem narrating a story in a straightforward manner
• Ballads


  Narrative poems often set to music, telling a story in a simple, rhythmic form
• Lyric Poetry


  Poetry meant to be sung to the accompaniment of a lyre, but now applies to any type of poetry that expresses emotions and feelings of the poet
• Lyric Poetry


  • Folk Songs
  • Sonnets
• Folk Songs


  Short, emotional poems set to music, reflecting the culture and sentiments of a community
• Sonnets


  A 14-line poem expressing personal feelings
• Elegy


  A mournful poem, often lamenting the dead
• Ode


  A lyric poem expressing feelings of admiration or devotion
• Psalm


  A sacred song or hymn
• Folklore


  The traditional beliefs, customs, stories, and practices passed down orally within a community
• Folktales


  Traditional stories, often passed down orally, featuring fantastical elements and conveying moral lessons
• 1. Book


  An electronic version of a book, readable on digital devices
• Blog


  A regularly updated website or web page, typically run by an individual or a group, containing informal articles or diary-style entries
• Dissertation


  A document that presents the author's research finding and is submitted
• Thesis


  A treatise advancing a new point of view resulting from research findings
• Folk Songs


  Traditional song reflecting the culture and sentiments of a particular community / Popular with the common people
• Folk Speech


  The speech of the common people, as distinguished from that of the educated class
• Point of View


  The perspective from which a story is told
• Types of Point of View

  • First Person
  • Second Person
  • Third Person
  • Omniscient
  • Composite
• Tone


  The author's attitude towards the subject
• Irony


  A contrast between expectation and reality / It is a discrepancy between what seems and what is
• Verbal Irony


  Occurs when someone says something but means the opposite