Lesson 4 (Japanese and Post-War Period)

• World War II did not hinder writers of Philippine Literature
• Excellent Writers of Short Stories in Vernacular

  • Clemente Alejandria (Bicolano)
  • Benjamin Pascual (Ilocano)
  • Nicolasa Ponte-Perfecto (Bicolano)
  • Liwayway Arceo (Tagalog)
  • Lorenzo Dilag Fajardo (Ilonggo)
  • Macario Pineda (Tagalog)
  • Rosario Tuason-Baluyut (Pampango)
  • Abe S. Gonzales (Ilonggo)
  • Genoveva Edroza-Matute (Tagalog)
• Carlos Bulosan - "America is in the Heart"


  A semi-autobiographical account of Filipino immigrant in the US, published in 1946
• Steven Javellana - "Without Seeing the Dawn"


  Exposed uncomfortable social realities about Japanese occupation
• Excellent Writers of Fiction in the 1960s

  • F. Sionil Jose
  • Kerima Polaton-Tuvera
  • Ophelia Alcantara-Dimalanta
  • Aida Rivera-Ford
  • Gilda Cordero-Fernando
• Nestor Vicente Madali (NVM) Gonzales


  A writing teacher in UP and UST, author of "Children of the Ash-Covered Loam"(1954) and "Look, Stranger, on this Island Now" (1963)
• Vernacular Novels


  • "Timawa" by Agustin Fabian (1953)
  • "Maganda Pa ang Daigdig" by Lazaro Francisco (1955)
  • "Pagkamulat ni Magdalena" by Alejandro G Abadilla (1958)
  • "Mga Ibong Mandaragit" by Amado V. Hernandez (1960)
  • "Sa Mga Kuko ng Liwanag" by Edgardo Reyes (1967)
• Palanca Awards


  Instituted in 1950 to recognize the finest literary writers of the country, with short story as the first category. Earliest winners were Francisco Arcellana and Edith L. Tiempo.
• 1950s was the peak of modernism in Philippine Poetry
• 21st Century Literature (1st QUARTER) Palonpon
• American New Criticism


  A poetic movement that emphasized uniqueness of voice and organic unity
• Edilberto and Edith Tiempo


  Pillars of Philippine Literature in English
• Siliman Writers' Workshop


  1961
• Vernacular Poets


  • Lamberto E. Antonio
  • Pedro L. Ricarte
  • Rogelio Mangahas
  • Virgilio Almario (Rio Alma)
• Rogelio Mangahas


  Edited and coauthored Manlilikha: Mga Piling Tula (1961-1967) which is an anti-commercialism anthology
• Writers in Ateneo who started the Bagay movement

  • Rolando S. Tinio
  • Bienvenido Lumbera
  • Jose F. Lacaba
  • Antonio E. Samson
• A Stun of Jewels by Carlos Angeles


  1964
• 1st Palanca Award in Poetry


  1964
• Fernando Poe Sr.


  Acted and directed Wilfredo Ma. Guerrero's "Condemned"
• Palanca Winners in Drama

  • Isabel Taylor
  • Wilfredo Nolledo
  • Alberto Florentino
  • Jesusa Peralta
• Socio-Political Factors mainly influenced the works of post-war writers