physical & psychological harm

• What is a weakness of aversion therapy?

  Physical and psychological harm
• Why has aversion therapy been branded unethical?

  It is seriously unpleasant for the patient
• What criticism is made regarding techniques involving punishment in aversion therapy?

  They exercise too much control over patients
• What risks are associated with aversion therapy?

  Stress, anxiety, humiliation, and pain
• Who died after undergoing aversion therapy in 1962?

  Billy Clegg-Hill
• What was initially claimed to be the cause of Billy Clegg-Hill's death?

  Natural causes
• What actually caused Billy Clegg-Hill's death?

  A coma and convulsions from a drug
• What is required before administering aversion therapy?

  Full patient consent
• When can aversion therapy be administered?

  When all other treatment attempts have failed
• What have new developments in aversion therapy resulted in?

  More refined treatments
• What alternative form of therapy is used in response to ethical criticisms?

  Covert sensitisation
• What are the ethical concerns surrounding aversion therapy?

  • Causes physical and psychological harm
  • Techniques involve punishment
  • Risks of stress, anxiety, humiliation, and pain