buwis

• Inflasyon


  Pataas na pagbabago ng presyo ng mga bilihin
• Deflasyon


  Pagbaba ng presyo ng mga bilihin
• Hyperinflasyon


  Labis na pagtaas ng presyo ng mga bilihin
• A budget is a plan that outlines expected income and expenses over a specific period of time.
• Demand-pull inflation


  1. Pagtaas ng demand

  2. Pagtaas ng presyo
• Cost-push inflation


  1. Pagtaas ng halaga ng mga salik ng produksyon

  2. Kakulangan o shortage

  3. Pagtaas ng presyo
• Consumer Price Index (CPI)

  Indeks ng presyo ng mga bilihin na binibili ng mga mamimili
• Inflation rate


  Antas ng pagtaas ng presyo ng mga bilihin
• Purchasing power of peso

  Kakayahan ng piso na bumili ng mga bilihin
• CPI = total weighted average ngayon / total weighted average noong nakaraang taon * 100
• Inflation rate = (CPI ngayon - CPI noong nakaraang taon) / CPI noong nakaraang taon * 100
• Fiscal policy


  Paraan ng pamahalaan sa paggamit ng pagbubuwis at paggasta
• Expansionary fiscal policy ay ginagawa ng pamahalaan upang masigla ang ekonomiya
• Contractionary fiscal policy ay ginagawa ng pamahalaan upang kontrolin ang inflasyon
• Budgeting involves creating a financial plan to manage your money effectively, including setting goals, tracking spending, saving for emergencies or future needs, and adjusting the plan as needed.
• The purpose of budgeting is to ensure that individuals have enough money to cover their essential expenses while also allowing them to save for long-term goals and unexpected events.
• There are different types of budgets based on personal preferences and circumstances, such as zero-based budgeting (allocating all income), envelope budgeting (using cash envelopes for categories like groceries or entertainment), and percentage-based budgeting (setting percentages for various expense categories).
• Saving is an important part of budgeting because it allows individuals to set aside funds for unexpected expenses, long-term goals like retirement or education, and emergency situations.
• A personal budget can be created using various methods such as envelope system, zero-based budgeting, percentage method, and cash flow planning.
• The government uses tax revenue to fund various programs and services that benefit its citizens, such as healthcare, education, infrastructure development, and social welfare initiatives.
• Envelope System: A simple budgeting technique where cash is divided into envelopes labeled with different categories like groceries, transportation, entertainment, etc., and only the amount allocated for each category is spent.