english civil war causes

• What is the divine right of kings?

  The belief a monarchs right to rule has come directly from God and they are not subject to any earthly authority
• What is personal rule?

  A period of time from 1629 to 1640 where King Charles I ruled without parliament
• What is the Eleven Years' Tyranny?

  Period from 1629-1640 when Charles I ruled without parliament
• When did Charles I become king?

  1625
• What was the Petition of Right?

  a legal document that prohibited the king from raising taxes without Parliament's consent or imprisoning people who had not violated laws
• What religious reforms did Charles make?

  Churches had to replace alters, recover decorated vestments and parishioners were forced to kneel to receive sacrament
• When was the first resistance to William lauds reforms?

  Scotland in 1637 who initiated a new Protestant prayer book
• What did Charles introduce in 1637?

  Ship to pay for navy - normally only charged to coastal towns
• Who was John hampden?

  Member of Parliament who refused to pay the Ship's Tax
• What did puritans want?

  To reverse laudian reforms
• Who wrote a pamphlet to criticise the church?

  Prynne and burton - tried in star chamber
• What was the Scottish church called?

  Presbyterian
• What was signed in 1638?


  Covenant
• When did Charles call short parliament and what was agreed?

  -April 1640

  -couldn't pass laws without parliament

  -couldn't raise unpopular taxes

  -lauds religious reforms stop
• What were plantations?

  Where Protestants were sent to keep order and prevent catholic rebellion
• Why did parliament dislike the earl of Stratford?

  He had a strong army at a plantation and feared Charles would use it to go against parliament
• When was the Long Parliament called?

  November 1640
• How did Charles respond to the Irish rebellion?

  "By god, not for an hour!"
• What was the Grand Remonstrance?

  Document of 200 popular parliament grievances
• How did Charles respond to the grand remonstrance

  Arrested 5 members demonstrating him as a tyrant