king john and magna carta

• When was the Magna Carta signed?

  June 1215 at Runnymede
• How many clauses did the Magna Carta contain?

  63
• Who became king after King John?

  John's young son, Henry on 28th October 1216
• Who did the barons invite to help remove

  John from the throne?

  Prnce Louis of France
• What did most peasants do for work?

  Farming
• Which castle did the barons take over?

  Rochester Castle
• Where were the barons when they forced

  King John to sign the Magna Carta?

  Runnymede
• Why was there a First Barons' War?

  King John ignored the Magna Carta clauses
• Why did the barons choose Henry over Prince Louis?

  Henry was young and could be manipulated into signing/follwing the Magna Carta
• Which clause was created to limit the king's control?

  A council of 25 barons to monitor the king's decisions
• Why is the Magna Carta significant?

  Power of the monarch limited, influenced other documents, first major step in breaking down feudal system
• How did King John get the barons out of the castle?

  Burnt down the foundations
• Which clause was created to ensure better rights for freemen?

  No freemen shall be arrested or imprisoned without a proper trial
• What happened to King John at the end of the First Barons' War?

  He died
• Why did King John have rebelling barons?

  War in France, Taxes, not listening to barons, conflict with Pope
• When did John become King?

  1199
• What was the feudal system?

  A social system which medieval society ran - king was at top and granted barons land in return for money and men to fight wars
• What is the great council?

  An assembly of the greatest nobles and churchmen to give advice to the king
• What is absolute monarchy?

  when the king/queen have total power over the government
• Why were the barons annoyed at John?

  Increased scutage 11 times from 1199 to 1219

  Lost war in France (Normandy)

  Fell out with pope (excommunicated in 1207 and regicide was named not a sin on 1212)
• Who led the barons army

  Robert fitzwalter
• 2 main clauses of the Magna Carta?

  - no freeman should be arrested without a trial

  - the English church shall be free
• Short term impact of Magna Carta?

  -John went back on word so no immediate impact

  -nothing changed for peasants

  -only politically powerful benefited ans society was divided
• When was the siege of Rochester?

  October 1215
• How did the kings men react to the control Rochester?

  -johns men arrived with 5 siege engines, catapults and trebuchets

  - in nov 1215 sent an order to Canterbury of pickaxes and 40 fat pigs

  - by end of November had dug under stone foundations

  - pigs were slaughtered and their fat covered wooden foundations to set castle on fire
• When did the king occupy Rochester by?

  30th November 1215
• When was prince louis announced king?

  June 1216 - Scottish king swore alliance to him
• How did the Magna Carta show dissatisfaction with the government

  Was an attempt by rebels to show anger at the feudal system and was baronial propaganda that was distributed to every county court
• Short term impacts of Magna Carta;

  -king John went back on his word

  -peasants were still not free

  -only politically powerful benefited (barons,church,merchants)
• Long term impacts of Magna Carta;

  -first time king had to follow rules

  -eventually people gained freedom

  -kings after John signed similar versions

  -first step to Britain becoming a democracy