2 - Cell Division

• Chromosomes are made from molecules of DNA and can be found in the nucleus of a cell.
• Each chromosome carries a large number of genes.
• Chromosomes are typically found in pairs.
• Cell cycle is used for cell growth and cell division
• Cell cycle involves mitosis which allows for growth, repair and asexual reproduction
• Cell Division:

  Stage 1 - the cells grow bigger and the DNA replicate to form 2 copies of each other. Extra ribosomes, mitochondria are produced.

  Stage 2 - mitosis happens, this is where the 2 sets of chromosomes are pulled to opposite ends of the cell. Then, the nucleus divides into 2.

  Stage 3 - the cytoplasm and cell membrane are divided resulting in 2 identical cells.
• Stem cells are undifferentiated cells that have not yet specialised to perform a specific function.
• Stem cells are found in:

  • plant meristems
  • embryos
  • bone marrow
• Issues of stem cells:

  • transfer viral diseases
  • ethical beliefs