Pressure, temperature and volume

• What three factors are discussed in the study material?

  Pressure, Temperature, and Volume
• What happens to pressure when volume changes?

  A change in pressure can cause a change in volume
• What exerts a force on the walls of a container?

  Gas particles due to collisions
• How do collisions between gas particles and container walls affect pressure?

  They exert a force on the walls
• In what direction do collisions between gas particles occur?

  In random directions
• What is the relationship between the outward force and the wall of the container?

  The outward force is directed at right angles to the wall
• What happens to the pressure outside a gas container?

  It is influenced by the surrounding atmosphere
• What is the condition for the outside pressure of a gas container?

  It is always under pressure from the surroundings
• What happens to the volume of a gas in a container without fixed volume?

  The volume remains constant unless pressure changes
• How does the pressure of gas inside a balloon change when the volume is not fixed?

  It is constant unless external pressure changes
• What can change the volume of gas in a container?

  Changing internal or external pressure
• What effect does heating a gas have on its particles?

  It increases their energy and movement
• What happens to gas pressure when gas particles gain energy?

  Pressure increases as particles move faster
• How does the outward pressure of gas inside a balloon compare to the inward pressure?

  Outward pressure becomes larger than inward pressure
• What happens when the pressures inside and outside a balloon equalize?

  The balloon stops expanding
• What is the effect of cooling gas inside a balloon?

  It decreases the energy of gas particles
• What happens to the outward pressure when gas inside a balloon cools?

  It becomes smaller than the inward pressure
• What is the result of cooling gas in a balloon?

  The gas inside becomes compressed
• How does changing external pressure affect gas in a container?

  It can compress or expand the gas
• What can be done to change the external pressure on gas?

  By heating or cooling the gas
• What is the relationship between external pressure and gas volume?

  Higher external pressure decreases gas volume
• How does the volume of gas in a balloon change with external pressure?

  It decreases as external pressure increases
• What happens to gas pressure when the volume of the container decreases?

  Gas pressure increases as volume decreases
• What is the effect of increasing the temperature of gas in a container?

  It increases the pressure of the gas
• How does the pressure of gas relate to its temperature?

  Higher temperature results in higher pressure
• What happens to gas pressure when both volume decreases and temperature increases?

  Pressure increases significantly
• What is the relationship between gas pressure and the number of gas particles?

  More particles increase the pressure
• What happens to gas pressure if the number of particles decreases?

  Gas pressure decreases
• How does the pressure of gas change with the addition of more particles?

  Pressure increases with more particles
• What is the overall effect of increasing temperature, decreasing volume, and adding particles on gas pressure?

  Pressure increases significantly
• What is the significance of understanding pressure, temperature, and volume in gases?

  It helps predict gas behavior in different conditions
• What is the primary focus of the study material?

  Understanding pressure, temperature, and volume in gases
• What happens when cooling gas in a balloon?

  The outward pressure is less than inward pressure
• Why is the gas inside the balloon compressed?

  Because the outward pressure is smaller
• How can you change the external pressure on gas in a balloon?

  • Push hard on the plunger
  • Increase altitude
  • Use a vacuum chamber
• What effect does pushing hard on the plunger have on the gas pressure?

  It increases the inward pressure on the gas
• What happens to the gas inside the syringe when the inward pressure increases?

  The gas becomes compressed inside the syringe
• How does atmospheric pressure affect gas in a container?

  It decreases as altitude increases
• What happens to gas when the altitude increases?

  The gas expands due to decreased pressure
• What are the ways to work on a gas mechanically?

  1. Use a bike pump
  2. Heat the gas
  3. Apply pressure to the gas