translation

• translation -> where the mRNA joins with a ribosome and corresponding tRNA molecules brings the specific amino acid the codon codes for
• step one: once the modified mRNA has left the nucleus, it attaches to a ribosome in the cytoplasm
• step two: the ribosome attaches at the start codon (on the mRNA)
• step three: the tRNA molecule with the complementary anti codon to the start codon aligns opposite the mRNA, held in place by the ribosome
• step four: the ribosome moves along the mRNA molecule to enable another complementary tRNA to attach to the next codon on mRNA
• step five: the two amino acids attached to the tRNA that have been delivered are joined by a peptide bond (catalysed by enzyme and requires ATP)
• step six: this continues until the ribosome reaches the stop codon at the end of the mRNA molecule. The stop codon doesn't code for an amino acid so the ribosome detaches
• step seven: a polypeptide chain is now created and enters the golgi for modification
• the process of protein synthesis can be summarised as transcription followed by translation
• transcription occurs in the nucleus while translation occurs in the cytoplasm