COM101

• Purposive communication


  Communication for various purposes, such as public speaking
• Public speaking


  The process or act of performing a presentation (or a speech) focused around an individual directly speaking to a live audience in a structured, deliberate manner in order to inform, influence, or entertain them
• Principles of effective public speaking (4Ms)

  • Material
  • Message
  • Methods of delivery
  • Manners in speech
• Material


  The subject that the speaker explores or discusses during their presentation or speech
• Key considerations in choosing a material

  • Audience
  • Expertise
  • Purpose
  • Relevance
• Message


  The main points to the central idea or theme that the speaker wants to convey to the audience
• Speech according to purpose

  • Speech to inform
  • Speech to entertain
  • Speech to persuade
• Methods of delivery


  • Manuscript
  • Memorized
  • Impromptu
  • Extemporaneous
• Manners in speech


  The way in which a speaker uses their voice and language to communicate their message effectively to the audience, including volume, tone, pace, pronunciation, articulation, inflection, pause, and body language
• Ethical standards in delivering a speech


  • Observe ethically sound goals
  • Prepare all the time
  • Tell the truth
  • Be sensible and sensitive
• Non-verbal communication


  The use of body language, gestures, facial expressions, and other non-verbal cues to convey a message
• Importance of non-verbal communication

  • Enhances and emphasizes the message of the speech
  • Communicates feelings, attitudes, and perceptions
  • Sustains the attention of listeners
  • Reflects the type of speaker
  • Makes the individual more dynamic and animated
  • Serves as a channel to release tensions and nervousness
  • Helps make the speech more dramatic
  • Builds connections with listeners
  • Makes a speaker credible
• Aspects of non-verbal communication

  • Body language
  • Clothing and appearance
  • Vocal elements
  • Proxemics
  • Colors
  • Touch

  
• Audience analysis

  The process of looking into the behavior, values, beliefs, or even the culture of the audience
• Impromptu speech


  A speech delivered without any prior preparation or planning
• Strategies in delivering an impromptu speech

  • Past, present, future
  • Point-reason-example/explanation-point (PREP)
  • Opening, rule of three, clincher
  • Bridging
  • Reframing
  • Playing the devil's advocate
• Extemporaneous speech


  A speech delivered without a prepared script or memorized content, relying on notes, outlines, or mental preparation to organize ideas and key points
• Purpose of extemporaneous speech to inform (exposition)


  It is important for the speaker to explain the context of the question and provide the necessary background information for the audience to understand the arguments
• How much background should you give to the audience?
• Adopting a position opposite to one's own


  To explore the potential strengths and weaknesses of different arguments or perspectives
• Extemporaneous speech


  Delivering a speech or presentation without a prepared script or memorized content, relying on notes, outlines, or mental preparation to organize ideas and key points
• Characteristics of an extemporaneous speech

  • Flexible and adaptable
  • Has a more conversational and informal tone
  • Relies on research, clear organization, and practiced delivery
  • Speech is delivered spontaneously, using only an outline or notes
• Pathos


  Emotional appeal, the speaker attempts to elicit a feeling in the audience to pull them towards a particular conclusion
• Ethos


  The audience's perception of the speaker's ethical character, whether the speaker is believable and credible
• Logos


  The use of reasoned arguments to convince an audience, clearly stating a claim, offering analysis to explain the truth of the claim, and supporting the analysis with evidence
• Producing a research-based argument

  1. Annotated research bibliography

  2. Writing a thesis statement

  3. Creating an outline
• Organizational patterns


  • A.F.O.R.E.S.T. (anecdotes, facts and figures, opinion, rhetorical questions, emotive language, superlatives, tripling)
  • Problem-solution
  • Problem-cause-solution
  • Comparative advantages
  • Monroe's motivated sequence
• TED Talk


  A video created from a presentation at the TED (technology, entertainment and design) conference or one of its satellite events, limited to a maximum length of 18 minutes, covering a wide range of topics
• Types of TED Talks

  • The big idea
  • The tech-demo
  • The performance
  • The artist's statement
  • The "dazzle with wonder"
  • The small idea
  • The "issue talk"
• Workplace communication


  The exchange of information, ideas, opinions, feedback and instructions among individuals and teams within an organization, using various mediums such as verbal, written, digital, non-verbal, and visual
• Workplace dynamics


  • Diversity in the workplace (multigenerational workforce, organizational culture, multiplicity of identities)
  • Co-worker relationship
  • Shared leadership
  • Team building (task roles, relationship roles, self-centered roles)
• Directions of workplace communication

  • Upward communication
  • Lateral communication (horizontal)
  • Downward communication
  • Outward communication
• Tone


  The writer's or speaker's attitude towards the audience and the subject matter
• Technical writing


  A form of professional writing that aims to communicate technical or specialized information to a specific audience in a clear, concise, and informative manner
• Features of technical writing

  • Accurate
  • Clear
  • Formal
  • Graphical
  • Objective
  • Practical
  • Procedural
  • Specialized
• Graphical


  • Graphs like tables, charts, figures, diagram, maps, pictures, and other illustrations are necessary in technical writing to support the written information provided
• Objective


  It should avoid inclusion of individual and subjective judgment in relaying information
• Subjective


  • I think the new advertising campaign is great
• Objective


  • The new advertising campaign has exceeded our target audience engagement metrics by 25%
• Subjective


  • The training program was boring and ineffective