genchem

• Wood alcohol

  A toxic form of alcohol used in antifreeze and other industrial applications
• Atoms


  • Have a fixed number of protons
  • Isotopes have varying numbers of neutrons, leading to different atomic masses
• Melting point

  The temperature at which a substance changes from a solid to a liquid state
• Uranium-238 decay


  Decays into Lead-206 through a series of radioactive decay processes
• Water (H2O) is a common compound essential for life
• Electrons in an atom

  • Determine its chemical properties and reactivity
• Element


  A substance that cannot be broken down into simpler substances by chemical means
• Sucrose


  C12H22O11 is the chemical formula for a common sugar
• Centrifugation


  A technique used to separate components of a mixture based on their density using centrifugal force
• Separating solids of different particle sizes

  Can be achieved through techniques like sieving or filtration
• Separating sand and iron filings

  • Can be done using a magnet due to the magnetic properties of iron
• Filter paper


  A porous material used to separate solids from liquids in filtration processes
• Americium-241 is a radioactive isotope used in smoke detectors
• Distillation


  A process that separates components of a liquid mixture based on their boiling points
• Mixture


  A combination of two or more substances that are physically combined but not chemically bonded
• Seawater is a complex mixture of salts, minerals, and organic matter dissolved in water
• Mothballs contain naphthalene or paradichlorobenzene to repel insects
• Heterogeneous mixture


  One where the components are not uniformly distributed and can be visually distinguished
• Oxygen (O2) is a diatomic molecule essential for respiration and combustion
• Salt, or sodium chloride (NaCl), is a common compound used for seasoning and preservation
• Acetic acid is a weak acid found in vinegar and used in food preservation and cooking
• Conductivity


  A measure of a material's ability to conduct electricity or heat
• Beta decay

  A type of radioactive decay where a neutron is transformed into a proton, electron, and antineutrino
• H2O is the chemical formula for water, essential for life and many chemical processes
• Dry ice is solid carbon dioxide (CO2) used for cooling and special effects due to its sublimation properties