Birth Rates

• Demography

  Is the study of populations and their characteristics
• The factors determining the birth rate are

  •:–The proportion of women of childbearing age (approx. 15-44)–How fertile they are: how many children are they having?•
• Birth Rated


  means the number of live births per thousand population per year
• Total fertility rate = average number of children for women in their child bearing years (15-44).
• Reasons 4 Low Birth Rate

  1.Changes in the position of women2.Decline in the infant mortality rate3.Children have become an economic liability4.Child Centredness
• number of infants who die before their first birthday per 1000 live births.


  INfant Mortality Rate
• Overall long term decline BUT significant baby booms which increase BR