Surgery

• Medieval surgery?

  Church banned human dissections

  Barber surgeons like John Ardene who had a 50% success rate

  Bradmore Screw
• Early modern surgery + hunter?

  Royal College of Surgeons

  Hunter wrote influential books

  Hunter helped develop better understanding of gunshot wounds
• Early modern surgery + Vesalius, Paré & Harvey?

  Vesalius- human dissections and disapproved Galen

  Paré- used ligatures to tie wounds after amputations instead of cauterisation

  Harvey-proved Galen wrong about circulation around the body
• Surgery in the 19th century?

  Lister: antiseptic with carbolic acid, clean surgical instruments

  Aseptic: wearing gloves and scrubs in surgery

  Simpson: chloroform as an anaesthetic
• Modern surgery?

  Heart surgery: Harken during the war

  Gillies: skin grafts WW1

  McIndoe: plastic surgery & penicillin WW2

  Blood transfusions: knowledge of blood groups and storing blood