bowlby's theory

• What does "monotropic" mean in attachment theory?

  One particular attachment is central to development
• What is a critical period in attachment theory?

  The time when an attachment must form
• What is the internal working model?

  Mental representations affecting future relationships
• What did Bowlby propose about attachment?

  It is an innate system providing survival advantage
• What does Bowlby call the primary attachment figure?

  The 'mother'
• How does time spent with the primary attachment figure affect a child?

  More time leads to better attachment quality
• What are the two principles of Bowlby's attachment theory?

  1. Law of continuity: Consistent care improves attachment quality
  2. Law of accumulated separation: Every separation impacts attachment
• What are social releasers in attachment theory?

  Behaviors that activate adult social interaction
• What is the purpose of social releasers?

  To encourage adults to attach to the baby
• What age does Bowlby suggest is the critical period for attachment?

  Around six months
• What happens if an attachment is not formed during the critical period?

  Attachment becomes hard to form later
• How does the internal working model affect future relationships?

  It shapes expectations based on early experiences
• What does a loving relationship with a caregiver lead to?

  Expectations of loving and reliable relationships
• How does poor treatment from a caregiver affect a child?

  It leads to further poor relationships
• How does the internal working model influence parenting?

  Parents base behavior on their own experiences
• What did Schaffer and Emerson find about attachment?

  Some babies form multiple attachments simultaneously
• What does Bowlby suggest about the uniqueness of the primary attachment?

  It may not be stronger or different in quality
• What evidence supports the role of social releasers?

  Cute behaviors elicit caregiver interaction
• What did Brazelton et al. (1975) observe about babies?

  Babies trigger interactions using social releasers
• What happened when caregivers ignored babies' social releasers?

  Babies became distressed and motionless
• What does Bailey et al. (2007) support about the internal working model?

  Attachment patterns are passed down generations
• What did Bailey et al. find about mothers and their babies?

  Mothers with poor attachments have poorly attached babies
• What is a counterpoint to Bowlby's internal working model?

  Genetic differences also influence social behavior
• What limitation does Durman (1994) point out about Bowlby's principles?

  They blame mothers for children's emotional issues
• What real-world application do Bowlby's ideas have?

  Key workers in daycare build attachments