crime and punishment modern period

• What was the Criminal Justice Act (2005)? 


  This gave more severe sentences for hate crimes such as homophobic crimes
• What is a hate crime?

  A crime motivated by prejudice against the victim’s race, gender, disability or sexual orientation
• What was the Race Relations Act (1968)?


  This made it illegal to refuse jobs or housing to anyone on the basis of their race or ethnic background
• What was the Domestic Violence Act (1976)?


  It gave victims of domestic violence the right to ask for protection against a violent partner
• What is no longer viewed as a crime in modern Britain?

  Abortion is no longer illegal as long as certain conditions are met
• What are examples of driving offences in modern Britain?


  Illegal to drink drive, speeding, using a device whilst driving
• When did many drugs become illegal in Britain?

  1971 when the Misuse of Drugs Act was passed
• Give three examples of ‘old crimes’ which are carried out in NEW ways in modern Britain

  • Terrorism 
  • People-trafficking 

  Online fraud
• Give two examples of how technology has changed crime

  • Cybercrime 

  Online Fraud
• Give three examples of how policing has changed in the modern period

  Women were recruited to join the police force in the 1920s 

  In 1947 the Police Training College was set up 

  Developments in technology and science - DNA, walkie talkies, online databases, police cars
• Give three examples of specialist police units

  Fraud squad 

  Drug units
• Give three examples of specialist police units

  Fraud squad 

  Drug units 

  Dog handling units
• What is neighbourhood watch?

  Neighbours keep an eye on each other’s property and try to prevent crime in their local areas
• When was the death penalty abolished for most crimes?

  1965
• Which controversial execution took place in 1953?

  Derek Bentley
• Where was the first Open prison?

  New Hall, Wakefield (a more relaxed regime and prisoners are allowed out to work on day release)
• What were borstals?


  A prison for boys only. First set up in 1902. Kept boys away from older convicts
• What is an ASBO?


  An Anti-Social Behaviour Order which restricts what a person can do
• Give two examples of new punishments in the modern period

  Electronic tagging and ASBOs
• What is a young offenders institute?

  A place for children in custody e.g boys 15-17
• What was conscription?


  Compulsory service in the armed forces e.g WW1 all unmarried men aged 18-41 were called up to fight
• Who were conscientious objectors?

  Men who refused to fight
• What punishment could conscientious objectors receive during WW1? 


  Prison

  Some were sentenced to death
• What punishment did conscientious objectors receive during WW2?

  Men were often given alternative work to do rather than prison