TOPIC 2: ORGANISATION

Subdecks (1)

Cards (100)

  • Amylase
    An enzyme produced in the salivary glands and pancreas that breaks carbohydrates down into simple sugars
  • Aorta
    The main artery that takes oxygenated blood away from the heart to the body
  • Artery
    A blood vessel that carries blood at high pressure away from the heart
  • Benign tumour
    An abnormal cell growth that is contained within one area and does not invade other areas of the body
  • Bile
    A substance made in the liver and stored in the gallbladder which is used to neutralise stomach acid in the intestine and emulsify fats
  • Blood
    A tissue containing red blood cells, white blood cells, platelets and plasma
  • Cancer
    A non-communicable disease caused by changes in the cell that lead to uncontrolled growth and division
  • Capillary
    A very thin blood vessel that is used for exchange of substances
  • Cell
    The basic building block of all living organisms
  • Communicable disease
    A disease that can be spread between individuals either directly or indirectly
  • Coronary heart disease
    A disease caused by the buildup of fatty deposits inside the coronary artery, narrowing it and reducing blood flow to the heart tissue
  • Enzymes
    Biological catalysts that increase the rate of reactions in living organisms
  • Health
    The state of physical and mental wellbeing
  • Heart
    An organ that pumps blood around the body in a double circulatory system
  • Lipase
    An enzyme that is produced in the pancreas that breaks lipids down into fatty acids and glycerol
  • Lock and key hypothesis
    A theory that describes how substrates must be the correct shape to fit the active site of an enzyme
  • Malignant tumour
    A cancerous cell growth that invades neighbouring tissues and can spread to different parts of the body in the blood
  • Meristem tissue
    Plant tissues containing undifferentiated stem cells
  • Metabolism
    All of the chemical reactions occurring in an organism
  • Non-communicable disease
    A disease which cannot be spread between individuals
  • Organs
    Aggregations of tissues performing specific functions
  • Organ systems
    Groups of organs that work together to form organisms
  • Palisade mesophyll

    A tissue found in plant leaves that is specialised to carry out photosynthesis
  • Phloem
    A transport tissue found in plants which is specialised to transport sugars from source to sink
  • Protease
    An enzyme produced in the stomach and pancreas that breaks proteins down into amino acids
  • Pulmonary artery
    The main artery that takes deoxygenated blood away from the heart to the lungs
  • Pulmonary vein
    The main vein that takes oxygenated blood back to the heart from the lungs
  • Rate of reaction
    The speed at which reactants are converted into products
  • Risk factor
    Something that increases a person's risk of developing a disease
  • Spongy mesophyll
    A tissue found in plant leaves that is specialised for gas exchange
  • Statins
    A class of drugs that are used to reduce blood cholesterol levels which slows down the rate of fatty material deposit
  • Stent
    A tube that can be surgically implanted into blood vessels to keep them open
  • Tissue
    A group of cells with a similar structure and function
  • Translocation
    The movement of food molecules through the phloem tissue
  • Transpiration
    The process of water evaporating from a plant
  • Vein
    A blood vessel that carries blood at a low pressure back to the heart
  • Vena cava
    The main vein that takes deoxygenated blood back to the heart from the body
  • Xylem
    A transport tissue in plants which is specialised to transport water and dissolved minerals from the roots of the plant to the leaves