The cold War origins of the cold war

• What was another name for the Communists in Russia?

  Bolsheviks
• What other names are used for the Soviet Union?

  Russia and the USSR
• What was the name of the Soviet Army?

  The Red Army
• What was the name of the alliance between Great Britain, The Soviet Union and the USA during WW2?

  The Grand Alliance
• Who were the leaders of Great Britain, the USA and the Soviet Union during WW2?

  Churchill

  Roosevelt 

  Stalin
• What were the names of the 3 conferences held between the ‘big three’ during WW2?

  Tehran

  Yalta 

  Potsdam
• What did the ‘big three’ decide to do with Germany at the end of WW2?

  Divide it into 4 Zones
• What did the Soviet Union want from Germany that the other two countries did not?

  Reparations
• What was promised to East European countries at the end of WW2?

  Free and fair elections
• Who took over as leader of the USA after Roosvelt died?

  Harry Truman
• Who sent the ‘Long Telegram’ warning Truman about Stalin and the Soviet Union?

  George Kennan
• Who sent a similar telegram to Stalin warning him about the USA?

  Novikov
• Who made the Iron Curtain speech in March 1946?


  Winston Churchill
• How did Stalin make sure Eastern European countries became Communist?

  Rigged elections, intimidation, Communists took over from other parties in government
•  What did the Truman Doctrine promise?

  To support any country financially, through military aid or actual military support against the threat of Communism
• How much money was given to European countries in Marshall Aid?

  $13 Billion
• What did the Soviets call Marshall Aid?

  Dollar Imperialism
•  What two organsitaions did the Soviet Union set up in response to the Marshall Plan?

  Cominform 1947

  Comecon 1949
• When was the Berlin Blockade?


  June 1948
• What did the Soviet block off during the blockade?

  All roads, rail and canals into West Berlin
• What was the first name given to the united western zones of Germany?

  Trizonia
• What new currency was introduced into Trizonia?

  The Deutschmark
• What did Trizonia later become called?

  West Germany
• How many supplies were flown into Berlin by Britain and America?

  170,000 tonnes - known as Operation Vittles
• Which two alliances were set up after the Berlin Blockade/Airlift?

  NATO (1949)

  The Warsaw Pact (1955)
• Who replaced Stalin after he died in 1953?

  Nikita Khrushchev
•  What was the name of the speech given by Khrushchev that denounced Stalin?

  The Secret Speech
• Who was the the new President of the USA at the same time?

  Dwight Eisenhower
• Who was the president of Hungary before the Hungarian Uprising in 1956?


  Rakosi
• Who was the president of Hungary after Rakosi?

  Nagy
• What did Nagy try and do once he became leader of Hungary?

  He announced that Hungary would leave the Warsaw Pact
• Why could Khruschev not allow this?

  He feared that other countries would try and follow suit and also leave the Warsaw Pact
• What did Khruschev decide to do on 4th November 1956?


  He ordered a Soviet invasion of Hungary

  1,000 tanks rolled into the capital Budapest
• How many Hungarians died during the uprising?

  Up to 20,000 Hungarians were killed
• Why did the USA not support Hungary during the uprising?

  Fear of Nuclear War
• What happened to Nagy?

  He was executed
• How did Khrushchev describe Nagy’s death?

  ‘As a lesson to the leaders of all Socialst countries’
• Who became leader after the Hungarian Uprising?

  Janos Kadar (he was a pro-communist)