reading w

• Brainstorming


  A creativity technique in which a group of people interact to suggest ideas spontaneously in response to a prompt
• Stress is typically placed on the volume and variety of ideas, including ideas that may seem outlandish or "off-the-wall"
• 4 TIPS IN BRAINSTORMING

  • Cubing
  • Free Writing
  • Listening
  • Mapping
• Cubing


  • In this strategy, topic or idea is examined in six viewpoints
• Free Writing


  • In this technique, just keep on writing and minding errors in spelling or grammar
• Listening


  • As the term states, list down what comes to your mind
• Mapping


  • Also known as clustering and webbing, is a graphic form of listing that simply involves jotting down ideas
• Graphic organizers


  Varied in form and use, appearing as flow charts, webs, Venn diagrams, compare diagrams, and more. Can deal with a single, or multiple main ideas and can illustrate the various connections and relationships between these ideas.
• Types of graphic organizer


  • Concept Map
  • Web
  • Mind Maps
  • Flow Diagram or Sequence Chart
  • Venn Diagram
  • Organizational Chart or Diagram
  • Pie Chart
  • Graph
  • Table
• Concept Map


  • Graphically illustrate relationships between two or more concepts and are linked by words to describe
• Web

  • Shows how different categories of information relate to one another
• Mind Maps


  • Visual representations of hierarchical information that include a central idea or image surrounded by connected branches of associated topics
• Flow Diagram or Sequence Chart


  • Shows a series of steps or events in the order in which they take place
• Venn Diagram


  • Used to identify similarities and differences between two more concepts
• Organizational Chart or Diagram

  • A chart or diagram that shows the structure of an organization
• Pie Chart


  • A type of a circular graph, which is divided into slices to illustrate a numerical proportion
• Graph


  • A collection of all points whose coordinates satisfy a given relation. The most used graphs are the line and bar graph.
• Table


  • A systematic arrangement of data usually in rows and columns for ready reference
• Paragraph


  A series of sentences that are organized, coherent, and are all related to a single topic
• Properties of a well-written text

  • Organization
  • Coherence and Cohesion
  • Language use
  • Mechanics
• Organization


  The arrangements of the ideas presented in the paragraph. The written text should be highly organized in such a way that one idea should logically flow to another idea.
• Patterns of organization


  • Simple listing
  • Description
  • Chronological order/Sequence
  • Comparison and Contrast
  • Cause and Effect
• Simple listing


  Items are randomly listed in a series of supporting facts or details
• Description


  Like listing; the characters that make up a story are no more than a mere listing of details
• Chronological order/Sequence


  This uses First, third, before, after and etc.
• Comparison and Contrast


  The author purpose is to show the difference and similarities
• Cause and Effect


  Is shown as having produce another event (effect) is said to have happened because of some situation or circumstances. This uses signals like consequently, because and for this reason.
• Properties of a well-written text

  • Organization
  • Coherence and Cohesion
  • Language use
  • Mechanics
• Organization


  The arrangements of the ideas presented in the paragraph. The written text should be highly organized in such a way that one idea should logically flow to another idea.
• Patterns of organization


  • Simple listing
  • Description
  • Chronological order/Sequence
  • Comparison and Contrast
  • Cause and Effect
• Simple listing


  Items are randomly listed in a series of supporting facts or details
• Description


  Like listing; the characters that make up a story are no more than a mere listing of details
• Chronological order/Sequence


  This uses First, third, before, after and etc.
• Comparison and Contrast


  The author purpose is to show the difference and similarities
• Cause and Effect


  Is shown as having produce another event (effect) is said to have happened because of some situation or circumstances. This uses signals like consequently, because and for this reason.
• Coherence


  Every part of a composition must contribute to one main unifying thought, the various parts of a text must follow one another in an order which makes their relationship clear
• Cohesion


  The overall text has meaning, occurs when lexical and grammatical elements of a sentence are met
• Elements of cohesive writing

  • Reference
  • Substitution
  • Ellipsis
  • Transitional Signals
  • Lexical Chain
• Reference


  Words used to refer to something mentioned elsewhere in the text, usually in a preceding sentence
• Types of reference


  • Personal Pronouns
  • Demonstrative Pronouns
  • Comparative
  • Definite article