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Paper 2
C7
Alkanes - Properties & Combustion
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Cards (23)
What are alkanes classified as?
A
homologous
series of
hydrocarbons
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What elements do alkanes contain?
Only
carbon
and
hydrogen
atoms
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What is a key characteristic of alkanes regarding bonds?
They contain no
double bonds
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What are the names of the first four alkanes?
Methane
(
C1H4
)
Ethane
(
C2H6
)
Propane
(
C3H8
)
Butane (
C4H10
)
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How do the boiling points of alkanes change with carbon chain length?
Boiling points
increase
with chain length
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What state do the first four alkanes exist in at room temperature?
Gases
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What happens to longer alkanes at room temperature?
They are
liquids
or
solids
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Why are shorter alkanes more volatile?
They have lower
boiling points
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What does it mean for alkanes to be viscous?
They are thick and sticky
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How does flammability change with alkane chain length?
Shorter
alkanes
are more flammable
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What is the main use of hydrocarbons like alkanes?
They are used as fuels
They release energy when burned
They undergo
combustion
reactions
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What is complete combustion of hydrocarbons?
Reaction with oxygen to form
CO2
and H2O
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What type of reaction is combustion?
An
exothermic reaction
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What happens to hydrogen and carbon during combustion?
They are oxidized by combining with
oxygen
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What is the balanced equation for the complete combustion of propane (C3H8)?
C3H8 + 5O2 → 3CO2 +
4H2O
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How do you balance the combustion equation for propane?
Ensure
carbons
,
hydrogens
, and
oxygens
match
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What is the unbalanced equation for the combustion of nonane (C9H20)?
C9H20 +
O2
→
CO2
+ H2O
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How many CO2 molecules are produced from nonane combustion?
Nine
CO2 molecules
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How many H2O molecules are produced from nonane combustion?
Ten
H2O molecules
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How do you balance the oxygen in nonane combustion?
Fourteen
O2
molecules for 28 oxygen atoms
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What are the key points about alkanes and combustion?
Properties depend on
carbon
chain length
Shortest alkanes are most
volatile
and
flammable
Combustion produces CO2 and H2O
Requires sufficient
oxygen
for complete combustion
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What is produced during the combustion of hydrocarbons?
Carbon dioxide
and
water
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What is the significance of combustion in hydrocarbons?
It releases
energy
for fuel use
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