big cities

• what happened between 1870 and 1914?

  the second industrial revolution - American economy changed from being agricultural to being industrial
• how did industry revolutionize?

  -steel and oil was developed

  -electricity emerged

  -factories used machines
• how did big businesses emerge?

  several businesses merged to form a corporation - these forced out competition e.g. John Rockefeller became first American billionaire from his 'standard oil company'
• how were cities impacted by industrialisation (1870 - 1900)?

  -> urbanization began - factories increased in number and nearly 11 million immigrants came for jobs (us migrants moved from rural areas).

  -> population doubled now 40% lived in cities

  -> New York and Chicago developed (first skyscraper in Chicago 1884)
• what troubles came about with industrialisation?

  -not all became wealthy (small businesses put out of work and workers were paid low wages)

  -racism and crime was common

  -trade unions rose in numbers and workers went on strikes