PEADS oral pathology

• Epstein's pearls


  May be found on the mid-palatal raphe of the hard palate
• Bohn's nodules


  Remnants of salivary glands, located on the buccal or lingual mucosa, or on the hard palate, away from the raphe
• Dental lamina cysts


  Located on the crests of the alveolar ridges
• Inclusion cyst = small white/ grey lesions, present in 75% of new borns in mucosa, alveolar ridge and hard palate.

  3 types = Epsteins pearls, Bohns nodules and dental lamina cysts

  asymptomatic and shed within first 3 months of life
• Cngenital Epulis; similar in appearance to dental lamina cyst, typically appears in anterior maxillary region

  may recede spontaneously, if large it may result in feeding problems and will require excision

  recurrence = unlikely
• Natal/ neonatal teeth:

  • typically lower incisors
  • natal teeth = at birth
  • neonatal teeth = within first 30 days of life
  • 85% can make up part of normal primary dentition and are not supernumary.
  • efforts should be made to try to retain these teeth, except if they are hyper mobile, and there is concern of aspiration
  • associated with Riga Fede disease
  • you may be the first sign of syndrome, including Ellis van Creveld syndrome and Hallermann-streiff
• RIGA FEDE DISEASE:

  • Traumatic ulcer on the ventral surface of the tongue caused by rubbing of the tongue on the newly erupted, sharp incisal edge of the mandibular anterior teeth
  • treatment = smoothing incisal edges
  • tooth needs to be polished down or extracted if child exhibits decreased feeding and weight
  • high incidence in children with; cerebral palsy and congenital indifference to pain.
• Melanotic neuroectodermal tumor:

  • rare benign tumor of neuroectodermal origin
  • appears as an exophytic non-ulcerated mass on the maxillary alveolar mucosa
  • radiographically = floating teeth