water resources

• -it covers about one-third of the global surface.

  pacific ocean
• Its area of

  166 million square km is larger compared


  pacific ocean
• -is the second largest of the world’s ocean.

  atlantic ocean
• -is the third largest ocean.


  Indian Ocean
• it includes the Baffin Bay, Barents Sa,

  Beaufort Sea, Chuckchi Sea, East Siberian Sea,

  Greenland Sea, Hudson Bay. Hudson Strait,

  Kara Sea, Laptev Sea, and other tributary

  water bodies.


  Arctic Ocean
• constitutes

  around 2. 5% of water on

  the Earth’s surface.


  freshwater
• is easily accessible

  freshwater that can be

  found naturally or artificially

  in formations where water

  can accumulate, called

  reservoirs.

  surface water
• -surface water that

  moves from a higher

  area to a lower area

  due to gravity.


  running water
• -is all water flowing into a channel regardless

  of the size


  stream
• smaller streams are what we call

  tributaries
• -contain only a small portion of Earth’s water

  resources.

  river
• -they serve as important source of freshwater,

  which is collectively store in dams or watersheds

  to supply the community’s water need.

  river
• large inland body of standing water.

  lake
• it occupies a depression on the land surface.


  lake
• stabilize the fluctuations in river flow from one

  season to the next because it contains largest

  portion of liquid freshwater.

  lake
• -water from the lake usually comes from

  streams but also some are formed by

  glaciers.

  lake
• -some lakes are formed when volcanic

  eruption creates a crater which is then

  filled with water


  lake
• -is considered the largest, deepest, and

  oldest lake in the world.

  Lake Baikal in Siberia
• -refers to the water that seeps

  into the ground and fills up the

  open spaces in rocks, sediments,

  and soil beneath the Earth’s

  surface.

  groundwater
• -it can be days or thousand of

  years, depending on the depth

  of the seepage or how fast the

  water has filtered through the

  soil and collected in water

  wells called aquifers.

  groundwater
• -movement is very slow. It flows about 4 cm a day.

  The rate of movement depends on the porosity and

  permeability.


  groundwater
• refers to the volume percentage of

  open spaces called pores.

  porosity
• is the ability of solid materials like

  rocks to transmit water through pore network

  permeability
• • it is a vital resource because it replenishes

  springs and streams and support wetlands.

  groundwater
• it can also be source of supply of drinking water,

  including farming in arid and semiarid climates.

  groundwater
• -zone where pore spaces

  are filled with water.


  Zone of saturation
• -the zone where pore spaces

  contain air and water.


  Zone of aeration
• -surface that separates

  the two zones

  watertable
• is a water coming from under the ground

  to the surface of the Earth surface

  spring
• it is formed when a water table intersects the

  land surface.

  spring
• -is formed when a hot groundwater

  flows to the surface

  hotspring
• is a

  natural pathway wherein

  water changes between

  solid, liquid, and gaseous

  phases through

  evaporation,

  condensation,

  water cycle
• provides a comprehensive water quality

  management of all the bodies of water. It primarily

  applies to the abatement and control of pollution

  from land-based sources, such as industrial and

  commercial establishments, agriculture, and

  community or household activities.

  Clean Water Act of 2004
• it also mandates the protection,

  preservation and revival of the quality

  of fresh, brackish, and marine waters.


  clean water act of 2004
• OCEAN


  is a vast body of saline water
• SALINITY


  saltiness of saltwater
• SALINITY


  The major chemical elements present in seawater are sodium and chlorine ions
• SURFACE WATER


  consist of relatively warm, low-density water, extends from the ocean surface to a depth of 100 m
• SURFACE WATER


  it is only about 2% of the water in the ocean but it is the home of most marine plants and animals
• THERMOCLINE


  second layer