MUSIC

• Franz Joseph Haydn


  1732—1809
• Franz Joseph Haydn


  • Born in Rohrau, a small village in Austria near Hungary
  • Learned to sing and play the violin and harpsichord from Johann Matthias Frankh, a relative choirmaster in Hainburg
• Franz Joseph Haydn's early career

  1. Employed as a violinist by Carl Furnberg, a baron, at his house in Weinzierl

  2. Able to tryout his compositions with the orchestra and wrote his first string quartet and first symphony
• Franz Joseph Haydn


  • Worked with the Esterhazys, one of the wealthiest and most powerful Hungarian families at the time, for nearly thirty years
  • Composed music for performances in the estates of the family
• Franz Joseph Haydn's later career

  1. Invited to London by Johann Peter Salomon, also a composer, between 1791 and 1795

  2. Wrote a dozen symphonies that were later called the London Symphonies
• Franz Joseph Haydn


  • Wrote his famous oratorios, The Creation and The Seasons, in his sixties
  • Died at the age of 77, affluent and acclaimed
• Haydn's musical works


  • Known for their simplicity and structure
  • Develop from a very simple theme then expand to a bigger structure presented in different contrasts and changing mood
• Haydn's musical compositions


  • 104 symphonies
  • 68 string quartets
  • Piano sonatas
  • Piano trios
  • Concertos
  • Operas
  • Masses
  • The Creation and The Seasons oratorios
• Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart


  1756-1791
• Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart


  • Baptized as Johannes Chrysostomus Wolfgangus Theophilus Mozart
  • Born in Getreidegasse in Salzburg, Austria
  • A child prodigy, studied the harpsichord and violin from his father Leopold
• Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart's early career


  1. Wrote minuets, did improvisations, and played and read music at age six

  2. Wrote a symphony, an oratorio, and an opera by the age of twelve

  3. Accepted as a member of the famous Accademia Filarmonica di Bologna between the ages of fourteen and seventeen
• Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart's later career


  1. Employed as a court musician by a prince-archbishop in Salzburg for four years

  2. Wrote in many genres such as masses, string quartets, symphonies, serenades, sonatas, and concertos

  3. Established himself as the finest keyboard player and flourished as a composer in Vienna
• Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart


  • Met and married Constanze Weber, had six children, only two survived infancy
  • Met and became friends with Haydn, even dedicated six of his string quartets to Haydn
• Austrian-Turkish War


  Musicians had a difficult time earning as the economy declined as well as the support of the aristocrats for music
• Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart


  • Died at the age of thirty-five in his home with severe miliary fever
  • Left his last work, Requiem Mass, unfinished, completed by his friend and student Franz Süssmayer
• Mozart's musical works


  • Represent the typical classical style, clear, graceful, and light
  • Composed over 600 masterpieces in all the musical forms of his time
• Mozart's symphony works


  • G minor no. 40, K. 550, influenced two great symphony composers of later periods such as Beethoven and Brahms
• Mozart's serenades works


  • Eine Kleine Nachtmusik
  • Divertimenti
  • Marches
  • Dances
• Mozart's masses works


  • Coronation Mass
  • Mass in C Major, K.317
  • Great Mass, Mass in C minor, K. 427
  • Requiem Mass in D minor, K. 626, completed by Süssmayer
• Mozart's liturgical works


  • Ave Verum Corpus
  • Motet in D Major, K.618
  • Exultate, Jubilate for soprano
• Ludwig van Beethoven


  1770 —1827
• Ludwig van Beethoven


  • Born from a family of musicians in Bonn, Germany
  • His father Johann, a piano and violin teacher, noticed his musical talent
• Ludwig van Beethoven's early career

  1. Studied composition and organ under renowned musician Christian Gottleb Neefe at age nine

  2. Appointed organist at the court of the Elector of Cologne, Prince Maximilian Franz, upon Neefe's recommendation
• Ludwig van Beethoven's later career

  1. Went to Vienna in 1787 to meet and study with Mozart, but had to return to Bonn due to his mother's illness

  2. Went to Vienna in 1792 to study with Haydn, devoted himself to studying and performing, impressed the people of Vienna with his virtuosity and improvisations
• Ludwig van Beethoven's public performances


  Performed publicly for the first time in Vienna in 1795, premiered one of his piano concertos and began publishing his works, including symphonies, string quartets, and piano sonatas
• Ludwig van Beethoven


  • Composed some of his greatest works such as his late piano sonatas, the "Missa Solemnis" and the "Ninth Symphony" when he was almost deaf
  • Died at the age of fifty-six due to a liver disease, an estimated 20,000 people attended his funeral
• Beethoven's musical works


  • Composed in almost all musical genres in his time, transcended the classical style and became the seeds of the Romantic style
  • 138 works with composition number and 205 without composition number
• Beethoven's works in the early period

  • Show the influence of Haydn and Mozart though the presence of his style with forceful and abrupt rhythmic patterns is evident
• Beethoven's works in the middle period


  • Mostly lengthy and large-scale pieces, characterized by innovations, rapid harmonic changes, and exploratory passages that pose challenges to players of his time
• Beethoven's symphonies with nicknames

  • Eroica, Symphony no.3
  • Pastoral, Symphony no. 6
  • Choral, Symphony no. 9
• Beethoven's most famous piano solo work

  Bagatelle in A minor, commonly known as "Fur Elise"
• Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart is baptized as Johannes Chrysostomus Wolfgangus Theophilus Mozart
• Mozart was born in Getreidegasse in Salzburg Austria
• Minuets is a slow dance ballroom
• Baron means lord
• string quartets means four string intruments
• prolific means ceative
• string quintet means five string instruments
• aristocrats are a form of government
• requiem is for someone who died