perdev 6

• Adolescence


  A period of 'Storm and Stress', a time of turbulence whether it is physical or psychological
• Challenges of middle and late adolescence

  • Transition from dependence to autonomy or individualization
  • Shifting relationship with parents
  • Finding one's place in the future world of work
  • Increased responsibility in the family and community
  • Managing one's sexuality
  • Formation of identity
  • Need for higher cognitive ability for decision-making
  • Mood changes caused by hormonal changes
  • Accountabilities brought about by expectations
• Transition from dependence to autonomy or individualization


  1. Separating one's self from the dominant family security

  2. Slowly leaving one's comfort zone

  3. The comfort of living with one's family will soon become a thing of the past
• Shifting relationship with parents

  1. The once dependent and submissive child begins to assert his or herself as a knowledgeable thinking and reasoning individual

  2. One tries to show 'grown up' characteristics and traits that parents on the other hand are not ready to handle yet radically

  3. This possibly can result to conflict, arguments and stress
• Finding one's place in the future world of work

  1. Adolescents are confronted with the reality that sooner or later there is a need to be on their own

  2. To pay for their bills, cook and fend for themselves

  3. All of these financial needs can only be supported by their work
• Increased responsibility in the family and community

  1. Being considered young means having to entirely depend on our family

  2. All of our daily chores, problems, concerns, finances are worries that our parents and elders should face

  3. One needs to get out of their shell and start becoming a doer

  4. That is how one's sense of responsibility is gauged
• Managing one's sexuality


  1. A girl starts to become a 'lady' while a boy starts to become a 'man'

  2. The significant changes in the adolescent's body specify the particular sex assigned to him or her from birth

  3. This time will reiterate his or her preference according to cultural and communal expectations
• Formation of identity


  1. The task is to achieve distinct character that will lead to the acquisition of specific traits or attributes which may either be positive or negative

  2. Their journey of self-discovery requires continuous adjustments and learnings
• Need for higher cognitive ability for decision-making


  1. They understand and formulated logical, rational and abstract strategies

  2. They are conscious about cause and effects and can logically resolve problems by testing hypotheses before coming up with conclusions

  3. At this point they can appreciate that people are unique from each other

  4. This poses a challenge as there is an expectation to be considered
• Mood changes caused by hormonal changes


  1. Biological changes affect an adolescent's hormone

  2. These may lead to anxiety and mood swings that eventually manifest in their behavior

  3. Conflict may even result from this as it affects their relations and habits
• Accountabilities brought about by expectations

  1. Critical thinking skills will equip them for real life situations

  2. Hence, it is necessary that adolescents understand their liabilities as they are expected to be answerable for their behavior and decisions