Enquiry Q1

• What is demographics?

  The study of populations
• What is crude birth and death rate?

  Overall measure of state healthcare
• What is fertility rate?

  The average number of children born to a woman in her lifetime.
• UK population

  2022: 68million

  1950: 50million
• Changes to UK population:

  1960 baby boom

  2000 Eu migrants

  2010 Net positive migration was higher than natural increase
• London and SE

  growth of 30%

  due to growth of financial and service industries
• North east

  1.7% increase

  Deindustrialisation, people move to look for employment
• What is population density?


  The number of people living in a given area.
• What is urban?

  Population of more than 10000
• What is an overspill town?

  Towns expanded due to moving out the city
• Suburbanised village:

  commuter towns with new housing
• What is rural urban continuum?


  A model to show how population changes with distance from city centre
• What is rural urban fringe?

  Transition zone between urban and rural areas.
• What is urban sprawl?

  urban areas expanding into the countryside
• Historical development:

  • traditional remote areas wouldve been males
• Physical factors:

  • Rural areas at high altitude, colder climate
• Planning:

  • green belt zone
  • planning restrictions
• Accessibility:

  • commuter towns
  • public transport
• LEEDS

  0-15: 19%

  16-64: 66%

  65+: 15%
• WETHERBY

  0-15: 17%

  16-64: 55%

  65+: 28%
• GIPTON AND HAREHILLS:

  0-15: 31%

  16-64: 66%

  65+: 15%
• • Wetherby has higher life expectancy due to better healthcare and a retired population who are not having children
  • Harehills has a higher percentage of younger people due to culture and lower quality of life.
• Newham London

  high fertility and mortality rate due to low quality of life
• EU born: employment

  Non EU born: family
• Internal migration:

  • retirement
  • remote work
  • families moving from cities
• Ethnicity

  • Harehills: 60% ethnic minorities
  • Wetherby: 4.8% ethnic minorities
• 1992 EU expansion

  2004: 7 nations from eastern block
• Younger immigrants

  higher fertility rates= population growth
• Government planning policy

  Immigration laws
• Accessibility

  • Car ownership
  • distance from work use to be important
• Social clustering:

  • safety in numbers
  • common language and experiences
• External

  • white flight
  • racism in housing
  • prejudice in job market