AO1s

• Offer

  1. proposal/promise
  2. definite terms
  3. Invitation to treat
  4. advert
  5. clear indication
  6. Invitation to treat examples
  7. request for information
  8. anyone or anything
  9. come into existence
  10. offeree knows
  11. revoked
  12. saying 'no'
  13. offer ends
  14. revocation
• Acceptance

  1. agreement
  2. silence
  3. specific form
  4. autogeneration
  5. postal rule
  6. other circumstances
  7. electronic acceptance
  8. conduct
• Consideration

  1. every contract
  2. bargain not a gift
  3. 2 types
  4. sufficient not adequate
  5. value
  6. complaining/existing legal duty
  7. past consideration
  8. request
  9. promisee not necessarily to promisor
  10. bilateral/unilateral
  11. sue/sued
  12. pre-existing duty (2)
  13. extra element/pay more
  14. part payment
  15. principle of accord/satisfaction
• Intention to create legal relations

  1. no intention
  2. domestic/social
  3. rebutted
  4. money
  5. business
  6. rebutted - words
  7. letters of comfort
  8. competitions
• Privity

  1. party to a contract
  2. exceptions
  3. exclusion clauses
  4. collateral contracts
  5. restrictive covenants
  6. benefit but not party
  7. requirements (3)
• Economic duress

  1. voidable
  2. 3 elements
  3. definition
  4. unlawful threat
  5. legitimate threat
  6. pressure that (3)
  7. illegitimacy test (3)
  8. additional criteria (4)
  9. lawful threat
  10. lawful pressure
  11. time
  12. remedies (2)
• Misrepresentation

  1. voidable
  2. false statement
  3. silence (3)
  4. material fact
  5. party/agent and induced
  6. unreasonable reliance
  7. Criminal Insurance Act 2012
  8. Consumer Rights Act 2015
  9. fraudulent
  10. negligent
  11. innocent
• Performance

  1. complete and exact
  2. seperate parts
  3. substantial performance
  4. preventing a party
  5. part performance
  6. time (3)
• Frustration

  1. prevented by unforeseeable interviening event
  2. impossible in fact
  3. illegal
  4. main purpose
  5. self induced/ in control
  6. less profitable
  7. foreseeable
  8. remedies (3)
• Breach

  1. fails to perform
  2. actual breach
  3. anticipatory breach
  4. repudiatory breach
  5. renunciation
  6. unlikelihood/uncertainty of future performance
  7. effect of breach
  8. continue contract
  9. mitigate losses
• Damages

  1. purpose
  2. nominal damages
  3. wrotham park damages
  4. loss of bargain
  5. market
  6. future profit
  7. reliance loss
  8. restitution
  9. speculative damages
  10. minimise effects
  11. liquidated damages
  12. quantum merit
• Injunctions

  1. court orders
  2. prohibitory injunctions
  3. mandatory injunctions
  4. personal service
  5. equitable remedy (5)
• Special performance

  1. complete obligations
  2. rarely used
  3. liquidation
  4. equitable remedy
• Consumer Rights

  1. short term rights (5)
  2. services (2)
  3. 30 days and 6 months (2)
  4. services (2)
• Terms

  1. term
  2. representation
  3. expressed term
  4. included? - 4 things
  5. importance
  6. specialist knowledge/skill
  7. time lag
  8. written
  9. clear, prominent, available
• Implied terms

  1. implied by either
  2. 4 common law elements
  3. business efficacy
  4. officious bystander
  5. reasonable/necessary
  6. intention of the contract
  7. strictly necessary
  8. by custom
  9. by prior dealings
  10. statute
  11. statute examples (5)
• Types of term

  1. condition
  2. warranty
  3. innominate terms
• Exclusion clauses/incorporation

  1. incorporated
  2. signed/misrepresentation as to content
  3. knowledge
  4. contractual document
  5. attention
  6. clear, prominent, available
  7. previous dealings
  8. interpreting the clause
  9. contra proferentum
  10. red hand rule
  11. Consumer Rights Act 2015
  12. s62
  13. Unfair terms Act 1977