monosaccharides

• Monomer

  Smaller unit which can create larger molecules
• Polymer

  Made from lots of monomers bonded together
• Types of carbohydrates

  • Monosaccharides
  • Disaccharides
  • Polysaccharides
• Monosaccharides to know


  • Glucose
  • Fructose
  • Galactose
• Glucose


  Key monosaccharide, molecular formula C6H12O6, exists as alpha and beta isomers
• Drawing glucose


  Hexagon with 5 carbons in ring, 6th carbon off ring, numbering carbons starting from oxygen, hydrogen and hydroxyl groups on carbons
• Carbohydrates contain carbon, hydrogen and oxygen
• Monosaccharides are monomers, disaccharides are dimers, polysaccharides are polymers
• Starch, cellulose and glycogen are examples of polysaccharides
• Sucrose, maltose and lactose are examples of disaccharides