photosynthesis

• where does photosynthesis occur

  in the chloroplasts which contains chlorophyll
• grana


  made of thylakoid disks
• stroma


  liquid components
• where does cellular respiration occur

  in the mitochondria which has an inner and outer membrane
• matrix


  inside area of the mitochondria
• cristae


  inner folds in the mitochondria
• functions of atp


  -active transport of molecules against a concentration gradient

  -moving chromosomes in the cells

  -causes cilia and flagella to move

  -muscle contraction

  -synthesizes carbohydrates, proteins, fats, and nucleic acids

  -cytoplasmic streaming

  -bioluminescence
• what is the atp molecule made up of

  adenine, ribose, triphosphate
• energy from c/r allows atp to be produced and energy is released as atp changes back to atp
• metabolic pathways


  a set of step by step sequences that are linked because the product of one reaction is that reactant for the next reaction
• metabolism


  refers to all the chemical reactions that occur within a cell to support and sustain its life functions
• anabolic


  reactions that synthesize larger molecules needed by the organisms

  ex. muscle building
• catabolic


  reactions that break down larger molecules into smalled ones

  ex. digestions of food
• catalyzed


  help reactions occur more quickly
• activation energy


  how much energy is need to start a reaction

  -metabolism lowers the amount of activation energy required so that the reaction can occur quickly and at low energy levels