ethanol production

• What is the chemical formula of ethanol?

  C2H5OH
• What are the main uses of ethanol?

  • Chemical feedstock for organic compounds
  • Biofuel that can be burned like petrol
  • Ingredient in alcoholic drinks (beer, wine, spirits)
• How can ethanol be produced from ethene?

  By reacting ethene with steam
• What type of reaction occurs when ethene reacts with steam to produce ethanol?

  Addition reaction
• What are the conditions required for the production of ethanol from ethene?

  High temperature and high pressure
• What is the high temperature used in the production of ethanol from ethene?

  300 °C
• What is the high pressure used in the production of ethanol from ethene?

  60-70 atm
• What is the catalyst used in the production of ethanol from ethene?

  Phosphoric acid
• What is an advantage of producing ethanol from ethene?

  Ethene is cheap and efficient
• What is a disadvantage of producing ethanol from ethene?

  Ethene is derived from non-renewable crude oil
• How is ethanol produced by fermentation?

  By anaerobic respiration of sugars by yeast
• What type of reaction is fermentation?

  Anaerobic respiration
• What are the conditions for fermentation to produce ethanol?

  Requires yeast and anaerobic conditions
• What is the optimum temperature for fermentation?

  30-40 °C
• What is an advantage of producing ethanol by fermentation?

  Sugar is a renewable resource
• What is a disadvantage of producing ethanol by fermentation?

  The process can be relatively slow
• What must be done to the ethanol produced by fermentation?

  It must be distilled by fractional distillation