Metallic bonding

• Shing elements made of atoms that can easily lose 3 electrons, forming positive metal ions
• Atoms in a metal element can't be transferred unless there's a non-metal atom to receive them
• Metals consist of a lattice of positive ions in a 'sea' of delocalised electrons (not attached to an atom)
• • Number of delocalised electrons depends on how many electrons are lost by each metal
  • Metallic bonding spreads throughout so metals have giant structures
• Properties of metals

  • Good conductors of electricity and heat (delocalised electrons can move through the structure freely and high thermal conductivity)
  • Strong depending on the charge of ion (more delocalised, more electrostatic forces) and size of ion (smaller it is, closer the electrons are to the nuclei and the stronger the bond)
  • Malleable and ductile (shape is retained)
  • High melting points (giant structures so strong bonds and more energy required to break those bonds)