Health 3rd QT

• Communicable Diseases


  Transmittable diseases, result of interactions with pathogens
• Pathogens


  Disease causing organisms
• Incubation


  Starting from the entry of pathogen
• Illness Stage


  Begins when more specific signs appear
• Prodromal Stage


  Onset of non-specific signs like fever and headaches
• Convalescence Stage


  Interval when acute symptoms disappear
• Factors in communicable diseases

  • Causative Agent
  • Susceptible Host
  • Portal of Exit
  • Mode of Transmission
  • Portal of Entry
  • Reservoir
• Direct contact transmission


  Food, water, skin-to-skin
• Indirect contact transmission


  Droplets, air
• Levels of disease prevention

  • Primary Prevention - prevent one from having disease
  • Secondary Prevention - prevent further damages from the disease
  • Tertiary Prevention - rehabilitating the sick person
• Acute Upper Respiratory Tract Infections (URTI)


  • Common colds
  • Infectious mononucleosis
  • Influenza
  • Pharyngitis
• Pneumonia


  Inflammation and infection of the air sacs
• Bronchitis


  Inflammation of bronchial tubes
• Influenza


  Flu virus spread through coughs and sneezes
• Pulmonary Tuberculosis (PTB)


  Caused by mycobacterium tuberculosis, attack the lungs that may damage other parts of the body
• Dengue


  Aedes Aegypti mosquito, flavivirus
• Sexually Transmitted Infections


  Infections you get by having unprotected sex
• Human Immune Virus (HIV) and Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS)


  Progressive failure of the immune system
• Leptospirosis


  Spirochete bacteria or Leptospira interrogans
• AH1N1 Influenza


  H1N1 influenza virus, spread through airborne droplets
• Hand Foot and Mouth Disease (HFMD)

  Coxsackievirus, feces to mouth
• Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS)


  Caused by SARS-associated with Covid-19, close contact with infected person
• Chikungunya


  Bite of infected Aedes Aegypti mosquitoes
• Avian Influenza


  Flu that normally happens to birds, H7N9 virus
• Covid-19


  Spreads through droplets of saliva or discharge from the nose