Urbanisation Theory

Cards (16)

Urbanisation
Increase in the percentage of the population living in urban areas compared to rural areas
Urban Sprawl 
The process of urban areas expanding outwards
Megacity 
City with population more than 10 million people
Urbanisation in HICs 
Slower
Reason for Slower Urbanisation in HICs
More people already living in urban areas
Aging population therefore less natural increase in urban areas
Urbanisation in LICs and NEEs
Faster
Reason for Faster Urbanisation in LICs and NEEs 
Rural-Urban migration due to poor living condition in rural areas (push factors)

More social and economic opportunities in urban areas (pull factors)
Push Factor
Negative conditions that encourage migration away from worse areas (rural)
Example of push factor
Hunger, poverty and conflict
Pull Factor
Positive factors that attract people to new areas (cities)
Example of Pull Factor
Jobs, better living conditions
Migration 
Movement of people from one place to another
Rural-Urban migration 
The movement of people from the countryside to the city and urban areas
Natural increase 
Population growth when birth rate exceeds death rate
Push-Pull model 
A model that explains why people leave one place and move to another
Positive Multiplier Effect shown 
Money injected into area and factory/hotel opens
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Jobs created
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Workers spend more
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Increased tax revenue
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Local government invests more in area e.g. infrastructure
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Wealthier people move into the area and companies invest more