Chapter 14

• Ocular system


  Responsible for vision
• Eyes


  The receptor organ for sight
• Opt/i, opt/o, optic/o, ocul/o, and opthalm/o


  Eye or eight
• Extraocular


  Outside the eyeball
• Intraocular


  Within the eyeball
• Periocular


  Around the eyeball
• Adnexa


  The accessory structures of organs. Includes the orbit, eyelashes, eye muscles, conjunctiva, and lacrimal apparatus.
• Stroma


  The supporting tissue of an organ
• Orbit


  Bony cavity of the skull that contains the eyeball
• Periorbita


  Eye socket
• Eye muscles


  The seven muscles attached to each eye that makes a range of movement possible. Includes two oblique muscles, four rectus, and bulbi. The muscles of both eyes work together to make coordinated movements in normal binocular vision possible.
• Binocular


  Both eyes
• Extrinsic muscles


  Six muscles that attach the outside of the eyeball to the bones of the orbit.
• Extrins/o


  Outside
• Levator palpebrae muscles


  Muscles that raise the upper eyelid
• Eyelids or palpebrae


  Each eye has an upper and lower one in order to protect the eye from injury, foreign material, and excessive light.
• Blephar/o


  Eyelid
• Palpebra


  Singular of palpebrae
• Palpebral


  Pertaining to the eyelid
• Canthus


  The angle where the upper and lower eyelids meet
• Canth/o


  Corner of the eye
• Medial canthus


  The corner of the eye nearer to the nose
• Lateral canthus


  The corner of the eye farther away from the nose
• Tarsal plate


  The plate like framework within the upper and lower eyelids that provides stiffness and shape.
• Tars/o


  Edge of eyelid or ankle joint
• Meibomian glands or tarsal glands


  Sebaceous glands on the margins of each eyelid
• Eyelashes or cilia


  The hair like structures on the edge of each eyelid. They protect the eye from foreign materials.
• Conjunctiva


  Mucous membrane that lines the underside of each eyelid. It forms a protective covering of the exposed surface of the eyeball when the eyelids are closed.
• Conjunctiv/o


  Conjunctiva
• Nictitating membrane, third eyelid, nictitans, or haws


  The conjunctival fold attached at the medial canthus that moves across the cornea when the eyelids close
• Lacrimal apparatus


  Structures that produce, store, or remove tears.
• Lacrimation


  The condition of normal tear secretion
• Lacrim/o and dacry/o


  Teardrop, tear duct, or lacrimal duct
• Lacrimal glands


  Glands that secrete tears
• Lacrimal canaliculi


  Ducts at the medial canthus that collect tears and drain them into the lacrimal sac
• Lacrimal sac or dacryocyst


  The enlargement that collects tears at the upper portion of the tear duct
• Nasolacrimal duct


  The passageway that drain tears into the nose
• Dorsal punctum


  The small spot near the upper medial canthus where the nasolacrimal duct begins
• Ventral punctum


  The small spot near the lower medial canthus where the nasolacrimal duct begins
• Punctum


  Point or small spot