UTS

• Physical self


  The body and bodily functions
• Stages of life


  1. Prenatal - fertilization to birth

  2. Infancy - birth to 2 weeks

  3. Babyhood - 2 weeks to 2 years

  4. Early Childhood - 2 to 6 years

  5. Late Childhood - 6 to 10/12 years

  6. Puberty - 10/12 to 14 years

  7. Adolescence - 14 to 18 years

  8. Early Adulthood - 18 to 40 years

  9. Middle Adulthood - 40 to 60 years

  10. Late Adulthood - 60 to death
• Physical development and growth

  • Least during infancy and old age
  • Peaks in early adulthood between 20-30 years
  • Slowly declines into middle age
• Physical development in childhood

  • Continues at a slow rate compared to rapid growth in babyhood
• Adolescence


  • Begins with onset of puberty
  • Characterized by rapid physical changes
  • Includes maturation of reproductive system
• Factors affecting physical growth and development

  • Heredity
  • Environment
• Heredity


  Biological process of inheritance of traits from parents to offspring
• Environment


  Factors an individual is exposed to throughout life, including learning and experiences
• Temperaments (Hippocrates)


  • Based on prominence of body fluids - red bile, black bile, yellow bile, phlegm
  • Sanguine, melancholic, choleric, phlegmatic
• Temperament types


  • Sanguine - impulsive, cheerful, happy, optimistic
  • Melancholic - sad, pessimistic
  • Choleric - easily angry, jumpy, temperamental
  • Phlegmatic - sluggish, dull, slow
• Body types (Sheldon)


  • Endomorphic - soft, plump, easy-going, sociable
  • Mesomorphic - strong, muscular, energetic, adventurous, assertive, courageous, competitive, dominant
  • Ectomorphic - tall, thin, restrained, quiet, artistic
• Body image


  How individuals perceive, think, and feel about their body and physical appearance
• Appearance


  Everything about a person that others can observe, such as height, weight, skin color, clothes, hairstyle
• Body image


  Related to self-esteem
• Body image affects both physical and psychological well-being
• Beauty


  Important throughout history as it indicates youth, health, good genes, and fertility
• Perceptions of beauty


  • Egyptian art - slim, high waist, narrow hips, long black hair
  • Renaissance period - full figure, rounded hips
  • Malaysia, Philippines, Indonesia - flat noses
• Every culture has its own concept of beauty
• Advertisements, magazines, and television are filled with good-looking faces, influencing people's perceptions of beauty
• Some people change their physical appearance through body modification such as tattooing, piercings, and cosmetic surgery
• Randi G. Fine: 'Outer beauty is a gift. Inner beauty is an accomplishment.'
• Ways to improve body image and inner self

  • Smile a lot
  • Take good care of your health
  • Live a well-balanced life
  • Dress well and be neat
  • Spend some time alone to reflect
  • Avoid temptations
  • Respect individuality
  • Self-love
  • Be thankful
  • Pray
• Asynchronous Activity: My Physical Self