1. The Nature Variety of Living Things

• Eukaryotic cells have a nucleus
• Prokaryotic cells do not have a nucleus
• Plants:

  • multicellular organisms
  • cells contain chloroplast
  • they photosynthesise
  • cellulose cell walls
  • stores carbohydrates as starch/sucrose
• Animals:

  • multicellular organisms
  • no chloroplasts
  • they do not photosynthesise
  • do not have cell walls
  • they can move from one place to another (nervous coordination)
  • stores carbohydrates as glycogen
• Fungi:

  • multicellular (except yeast -> unicellular) organisms
  • no chloroplasts
  • they do not photosynthesise
  • chitin cell walls
  • network of mycelium breaking down food with tiny threads (hyphae) and enzymes
  • stores carbohydrates as glycogen
• Protoctists:

  • uni/multicellular
  • AKA dustbin kingdom
  • some are like animals (amoeba)
  • some are like plants (chlorella)
  • some are like bacteria (plasmodium)
• Bacteria:

  • unicellular organisms
  • contains circular chromosomes (DNA)
  • peptidoglycan cell walls
  • no nucleus
• Pathogens are organisms causing disease to its host
• Pathogens can be fungi, bacteria, protocists or viruses
• Viruses:

  • not living organisms
  • only reproduces in living cells
  • no cellular structure
  • contains a protein coat surrounding DNA/RNA