Asch

• What was the aim of the experiment?

  To discover if participants will conform
• How many US male volunteers participated in the study?

  123 volunteers
• What task were participants asked to perform?

  A simple line judging task
• How many confederates were present in the room with the participant?

  7 confederates
• What percentage of trials showed conformity?

  33% of trials
• What percentage of participants conformed at least once?

  75% of participants
• What are the strengths of the experiment?

  • Highly controlled lab environment
  • Face validity demonstrated by control group
• What did the control group find in terms of correct answers?

  711 out of 720 correct answers
• What conclusion can be drawn from the experiment?

  People can conform to an easy wrong answer
• What are the weaknesses of the experiment?

  • Participant suspicion about the experiment's reality
  • Lacks temporal validity due to the McCarthy era context
• What did Mori's findings suggest about conformity?

  Conformity occurred even without actors
• During which era was the experiment conducted?

  During the McCarthy era
• What effect does task difficulty have on conformity?

  Increased task difficulty leads to increased conformity
• How does group size affect conformity according to the study?

  More confederates increase conformity rates
• What was the conformity rate with three confederates?

  32%
• What was the conformity rate with two confederates?

  12.5%
• What was the conformity rate with one confederate?

  3%
• What does the presence of a correct answer from a confederate do to conformity rates?

  It significantly decreases conformity rates
• What was the conformity rate when one confederate gave the correct answer?

  5%
• How does answering in private affect conformity rates?

  It reduces conformity rates significantly
• What was the conformity rate when participants wrote their answers privately?

  12.5%
• What are the key factors affecting conformity in the study?

  • Task difficulty: closer lines increase conformity
  • Group size: more confederates increase conformity
  • Unanimity: correct answer from one confederate decreases conformity
  • Private answers: writing answers reduces conformity
• What is a commonly accepted definition of conformity?

  A change in behavior or belief due to group pressure
• Why do people often conform to group behavior?

  To avoid social rejection or to fit in
• What are the three types of conformity according to Helman?

  • Compliance
  • Identification
  • Internalization
• What is compliance in terms of conformity?

  Changing behavior to gain approval from others
• What drives compliance according to the text?

  The desire to avoid disapproval or punishment
• How long do changes due to compliance last?

  Only as long as external pressure is present
• What is identification in terms of conformity?

  Aligning with a group to strengthen social identity
• How does identification differ from compliance?

  Identification is about belonging, not just approval
• How might someone identify with a social group?

  By adopting their behaviors or values
• What is internalization in terms of conformity?

  Adopting group beliefs as one's own
• What motivates internalization?

  The desire for correctness and moral alignment
• How does internalization affect behavior over time?

  Changes remain even without external pressure
• What are the two explanations for conformity?

  • Normative social influence (NSI)
  • Informational social influence (ISI)
• What does normative social influence (NSI) suggest?

  People conform to avoid social rejection
• How does NSI typically manifest in behavior?

  Through compliance without changing private beliefs
• What is informational social influence (ISI)?

  Conforming due to uncertainty and seeking correct behavior
• In what situation is ISI particularly powerful?

  In ambiguous or uncertain situations
• How might people behave in an emergency due to ISI?

  They follow the majority's actions for guidance