AC 1.2

• What is the criminal justice service?

  Police, CPS, Courts, Prisons & Probation
• What are the 4 parts of the Criminal Justice Service?

  Law Creation and administration

  Law Enforcement

  The court system

  Punishment of convicted offenders
• Why does the CJS work together?

  help issue punishments

  rehabilitate individuals

  prevent crime

  monitor prison releases

  achieve law and order in UK
• What are the 3 government agencies?

  Home Office, Ministry of Justice and Attorney General
• What does the Home Office do?

  • Responsible for making sure all communities are kept safe and secure, and protect our national borders and security 
  • Protects public from terror, crime & anti-social behaviour 
  • Responsible for crime & crime reduction, policing, security 
• What does the Ministry of Justice do?

  • Role is to protect & advance the principles of justice 
  • Principles of justice are independence, impartiality and integrity 
  • Responsible for criminal justice, prison & probation services, civil courts, tribunals & family law hearings, safeguarding victims & regulating legal services, sentencing policies 
  • Oversees magistrates' courts, Crown Court, Appeals Courts, Legal Services & Commission and Her Majesty's Prison & Probation Service 
• What does the Attorney General's Office do?

  • Oversees CPS, Serious Fraud Office and Revenue and Customs Prosecutions Office 
  • Chief legal adviser to the government. Responsible of ensuring the rule of law is upheld 
  • The Attorney General also has certain public interest functions e.g. in taking action to appeal unduly lenient sentences, & bringing proceedings under the Contempt of Court Act 
• What does the Police do?

  Enforce law onto the public

  keep public safe

  24 hour service

  first responders

  create a case and collect evidence

  arrest suspects
• Relationship between Police & CPS

  See what evidence is needed for a case to be created & what counts they can be charged off
• Relationship between Police and charities

  May work with mental health charities to get help for those who need it
• Police Relationship with Probation Services

  ensure they can get what they need & less likely to reoffend

  help control individuals
• Police relationship with Courts

  • Provide evidence and statements
  • Transport and hold defendants to and from court
• Police relationship with Prison and Probation service

  • Police collect and arrest individuals who have breached their probation terms/license & take them to prison
  • Co-operate when managing sex offenders that live within areas
• What is the Prison and probation service?

  • Carry out sentences given by courts
  • decrease recidivism rates- rehabilitation
  • run services for those leaving prison to help minimise their chances of reoffending
  • oversee probation delivery
  • complete pre-sentence reports
  • hold offenders in custody
  • monitor offenders that have been released from prison
• What is the prison & probation service relationship with police?

  Probation service can easily inform police if offender goes AWOL

  Probation service often needs enforcement help from police to ensure licences are followed

  help manage offenders by reminding them of things such as court dates, police interviews/questioning. 
• What is the prison and probation service with the courts?

  court can be aware and updated of any breaches of licences, ill behaviour and can prepare reports

  prison officers will transport prisoners to and from court hearings
• What is the court and tribunals service?

  • Responsible for the administration of criminal, civil and family courts and tribunals in England & Wales 
  • Work with the judiciary to provide a fair, efficient, and effective justice system 
  • Work with government departments and agencies to improve quality and timeliness of decision-making, to reduce the number of cases coming before courts & tribunals 
  • They decided bail and legal aid 
  • Deal with trials and sentencing- courts decide sentences using the sentencing guidelines to ensure they are the same across the country 
• What is the courts relationship with CPS?

  CPS decide what goes to court depending on the evidence, what charges need to be brought and present the case 
• Courts relationship with police?

  bring cases to CPS which then goes to the courts, may be called as witness 
• Courts relationship with prison service?

  transfer offenders to and from court 
• What is the Sentencing Council?

  • Responsible for providing courts with up to date guidelines on sentence tariffs for every offence. They also try to help members of the public understand more about sentencing 
  • They have a relationship with the courts/judges- judges sit in courts and are guided by the sentencing council guidelines issues by the sentencing council. This is to ensure that there is fairness and consistency across all UK courts 
• CPS

  Crown Prosecution Service - Decide what cases should be prosecuted on what charges based on the evidence given. They may advise the police in the early stages of investigations
• CPS

  1. Prepare the cases

  2. Present the cases in court

  3. Provide information, assistance & support to victims & prosecution witnesses
• CPS

  • Use the full codes test to ensure that there is enough evidence to gain a conviction and that a prosecution will be in the public's interest
  • Responsible for bringing cases to court for prosecution when a crime has been committed
  • It has to be within the public's interest to prosecute & must abide by the full codes test
• CPS relationship with police?

   work with the police to ensure there is enough evidence to gain a conviction and may advise them on how to charge suspects as well as what evidence will be needed to build a case 
• CPS relationship with the courts?

  They have a relationship with the courts 

  • CPS will put together a bundle for the court that contains everything the judge needs to see for the pending trial such as testimonies or medical reports 
  • The CPS will prepare & present the case to court using an experienced advocate 
  • The CPS will provide anything the judge requests if a trial goes ahead